Factores de riesgo e incidencia de complicaciones renales en pacientes con diabetes mellitus II atendidos en el Hospital León Becerra Camacho de enero a diciembre del 2014
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2015
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Medicina
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El presente es un estudio de tipo no experimental, descriptivo, retrospectivo en el que se revisaron 109 historias clínicas de pacientes con diagnóstico de Diabetes Mellitus con Complicaciones Renales. La nefropatía diabética es una de las complicaciones más temidas de la diabetes. Además del impacto económico por su tratamiento. La mejor terapia resulta ser la prevención, sin embargo para lograrlo se requiere un mejor entendimiento de los factores que la causan. El 80 % de los pacientes con micro albuminuria sostenida progresan a un estado de proteinuria en un periodo de 5 a 15 años para luego establecerse la nefropatía diabética manifiesta. Con la Finalidad de determinar por Observación indirecta los factores de riesgo e incidencia de las complicaciones renales en pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus II atendidos en el Hospital León Becerra de Milagro de Enero a Diciembre del 2014, para contribuir con información al servicio, se analizaron las variables: Edad, sexo, Factores de Riesgo. La Tasa de Incidencia de Complicaciones Renales en Pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus II es de 3,23 por cada 100 pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus II para el año 2014. El 47% son masculinos y 53% femeninos.
Se determinó que: la Hipertensión Arterial, es el factor de Riesgo más frecuente (74,3%); seguido por la edad mayor a 10 años (68,8%). La dislipidemia (63,3%); mal control metabólico habitual (53,2%); los antecedentes familiares de HTA (40,4% de los casos); y Hábito Tabáquico (14,7% de los casos). El 69% presentas tres o factores de riesgo asociados. El pico Diagnóstico para complicación renal radica entre los 10 y 15 años de curso Diabético.
El diagnóstico es más frecuente entre los 10 y 15 años de curso como Diabético. El factor de Riesgo que con más frecuencia estuvo presente en los pacientes en estudio fue la Hipertensión Arterial, seguido de un tiempo mayor a diez años como Diabético, Dislipidemia, mal control glucémico-metabólico, Antecedentes Familiares de Hipertensión
Arterial y el hábito tabáquico. La mayoría de pacientes presenta tres o más factores de riesgo a la vez. En cuanto a la distribución de los casos acorde al sexo, no existe una diferencia significativa, sin embargo, es el sexo femenino en el que se presentaron la mayor parte de casos de Complicaciones Renales.
This is a study of non-experimental, descriptive, retrospective in which 109 medical records of patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus with renal complications were reviewed. Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most feared complications of diabetes. Besides the economic impact of treatment. The best therapy is to be prevention, but to achieve a better understanding of the factors that cause it is required. 80% of patients with sustained microalbuminuria progress to a state of proteinuria in a period of 5-15 years and then established diabetic overt nephropathy. In order to determine by indirect observation risk factors and incidence of renal complications in patients with Diabetes Mellitus II served in the Miracle León Becerra Hospital from January to December 2014, to contribute information to the service, the variables were analyzed Age, sex, risk factors. The incidence of renal complications in patients with Diabetes Mellitus II is 3.23 per 100 patients with Diabetes Mellitus II 2014. The 47% are male and 53% female. It was determined that: Hypertension is the most frequent risk factor (74.3%); followed by older than 10 years (68.8%). Dyslipidemia (63.3%); habitual poor metabolic control (53.2%); family history of hypertension (40.4% of cases); and smoking habit (14.7% of cases). 69% show three or associated risk factors. Diagnosis peak for renal complication lies between 10 and 15 years of Diabetic course. The diagnosis is more frequent between 10 and 15 years as a diabetic course. The risk factor most frequently attended study patients was hypertension, followed by a more than ten years as Diabetic Dyslipidemia, poorly controlled blood glucose-metabolic, Family History of Hypertension and smoking time. Most patients have three or more risk factors at once. As for the distribution of cases according to sex, there is no significant difference, however, it is the female in which the majority of cases of kidney complications.
This is a study of non-experimental, descriptive, retrospective in which 109 medical records of patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus with renal complications were reviewed. Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most feared complications of diabetes. Besides the economic impact of treatment. The best therapy is to be prevention, but to achieve a better understanding of the factors that cause it is required. 80% of patients with sustained microalbuminuria progress to a state of proteinuria in a period of 5-15 years and then established diabetic overt nephropathy. In order to determine by indirect observation risk factors and incidence of renal complications in patients with Diabetes Mellitus II served in the Miracle León Becerra Hospital from January to December 2014, to contribute information to the service, the variables were analyzed Age, sex, risk factors. The incidence of renal complications in patients with Diabetes Mellitus II is 3.23 per 100 patients with Diabetes Mellitus II 2014. The 47% are male and 53% female. It was determined that: Hypertension is the most frequent risk factor (74.3%); followed by older than 10 years (68.8%). Dyslipidemia (63.3%); habitual poor metabolic control (53.2%); family history of hypertension (40.4% of cases); and smoking habit (14.7% of cases). 69% show three or associated risk factors. Diagnosis peak for renal complication lies between 10 and 15 years of Diabetic course. The diagnosis is more frequent between 10 and 15 years as a diabetic course. The risk factor most frequently attended study patients was hypertension, followed by a more than ten years as Diabetic Dyslipidemia, poorly controlled blood glucose-metabolic, Family History of Hypertension and smoking time. Most patients have three or more risk factors at once. As for the distribution of cases according to sex, there is no significant difference, however, it is the female in which the majority of cases of kidney complications.
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Epidemiología descriptiva, Diabetes mellitus 2, Nefropatía diabética, Factores de riesgo, Hospital General Dr. León Becerra Camacho, Cantón Milagro, Ecuador