Correlación del virus del papiloma humano en papanicolaou, colposcopía y estudio anatomopatológico en mujeres atendidas en la Maternidad Enrique Sotomayor durante el año 2013
No hay miniatura disponible
Fecha
2015
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
El Virus del Papiloma Humano (VPH) son un grupo de virus de ADN de doble banda que pertenecen a la familia Papovaviridae, no poseen envoltura y tienen un diámetro aproximado de 52-55 nm. Las partículas virales están compuestas por una cápsida proteica, conformada en un 95% por la proteína L1 y en un 5% por la proteína L2 las cuales se ensamblan para formar capsómeros icosaédricas.
El VPH generalmente se transmite mediante el contacto directo de la piel con piel y con más frecuencia durante relaciones sexuales vaginales o anales.
Una vez que el virus se encuentra en el organismo afecta a células de piel y mucosas.
Los responsables de la pérdida del control de la proliferación celular son los genes virales transformantes E6/E7. Estudios realizados en cultivo de células han demostrado que los genes transformantes E6/E7 son complementarios y cuando sólo uno se expresa, su poder transformante es muy débil. Estos genes se expresan con mayor frecuencia en los tipos virales de riesgo alto como 16 y 18 y su expresión no se observa en los de riesgo bajo como 6 y 11.
El ADN del VPH ha sido identificado entre el 99 y 99,7 % de las biopsias de pacientes con cáncer cervical. Así mismo el CA de Cérvix es la segunda neoplasia más prevalente en la mujer a nivel global y la quinta causa de muerte por cáncer en la población femenina.
En la actualidad existen diagnósticos para la detención del virus, estos son Papanicolaou, colposcopia y la anatomía patológica, que deberían de los 3 dar un resultado positivo para el virus si es que la paciente lo tiene.
Desafortunadamente, existen ocasiones en las que los resultados de las prueba no son precisos. Aunque estos errores no ocurren muy frecuentemente, pueden causar ansiedad y pueden afectar la salud de la mujer e impedir el comienzo oportuno del manejo de la patología.
The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) are a group of DNA viruses dual band belonging to the family Papovaviridae not have housing and have a diameter of 52-55 nm. The viral particles are composed of a protein capsid, formed by 95% by the L1 protein and 5% for the L2 protein which assemble into icosahedral capsomeres. HPV is usually transmitted by direct skin contact with skin and most often during vaginal or anal sex. Once the virus is in the body it affects skin and mucosal cells. Those responsible for the loss of control of cell proliferation are transforming viral genes E6 / E7. Studies in cell culture have demonstrated that the E6 / E7 transforming genes are complementary and when only one is expressed, transforming its power is very weak. These genes are expressed more frequently in high-risk HPV types 16 and 18 and as its expression is not observed in the low-risk and 6 to 11. HPV DNA has been identified between 99 and 99.7% of biopsies from patients with cervical cancer. Also the AC cervix is the second most prevalent in women globally neoplasm and the fifth leading cause of cancer death among women. At present there are diagnostic for stopping the virus, these are Pap, colposcopy and pathology, the 3 should be positive for the virus if the patient has. Unfortunately, there are times when the results of the test are not accurate. Although these errors do not happen very often, they can cause anxiety and may affect the health of women and prevent the timely onset of disease management.
The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) are a group of DNA viruses dual band belonging to the family Papovaviridae not have housing and have a diameter of 52-55 nm. The viral particles are composed of a protein capsid, formed by 95% by the L1 protein and 5% for the L2 protein which assemble into icosahedral capsomeres. HPV is usually transmitted by direct skin contact with skin and most often during vaginal or anal sex. Once the virus is in the body it affects skin and mucosal cells. Those responsible for the loss of control of cell proliferation are transforming viral genes E6 / E7. Studies in cell culture have demonstrated that the E6 / E7 transforming genes are complementary and when only one is expressed, transforming its power is very weak. These genes are expressed more frequently in high-risk HPV types 16 and 18 and as its expression is not observed in the low-risk and 6 to 11. HPV DNA has been identified between 99 and 99.7% of biopsies from patients with cervical cancer. Also the AC cervix is the second most prevalent in women globally neoplasm and the fifth leading cause of cancer death among women. At present there are diagnostic for stopping the virus, these are Pap, colposcopy and pathology, the 3 should be positive for the virus if the patient has. Unfortunately, there are times when the results of the test are not accurate. Although these errors do not happen very often, they can cause anxiety and may affect the health of women and prevent the timely onset of disease management.
Descripción
PDF
Palabras clave
Virus del papiloma humano, Colposcopía, Prueba de papanicolaou, Correlación de datos, Anatomía patológica, Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador