Causas que inciden en primigestas adolescentes de 15 a 19 años que presentan amenaza de parto pretérmino, periodo mayo - noviembre del año 2016 en el Hospital Maternidad Matilde Hidalgo de Procel
No hay miniatura disponible
Fecha
2017
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Obstetricia
Resumen
La amenaza de parto pretérmino es un conjunto de signos que se caracterizan, por la presencia de contracciones uterinas 3 en 25-30 minutos, sin modificaciones cervicales mayores con dilatación menor a 3 centímetros antes de las 37 semanas de gestación.
En la mayoría de los casos suele asociarse a causas multifactoriales. Dentro de ellas están las más comunes infecciones como cérvico vaginales, corío amnionitis, infección del tracto urinario que oscila entre 40-50%, consumo de sustancias psicotrópicas o alcohólicas, estrés, traumatismos, controles prenatales deficientes, antecedentes en la historia obstétrica.
Las intervenciones destinadas a corregir este síndrome, en el incremento de la actividad uterina (tocólisis), modificaciones cervicales (cerclaje), infecciones (antibiótico terapia), en casos excepcionales (interrupción del embarazo).
En este contexto se realizó un estudio descriptivo, de campo, no experimental prospectivo en el área de hospitalización del Hospital Matilde Hidalgo de Procel, cuyo universo fueron las gestantes adolescentes entre 15 y 19 años de edad que presentaron amenaza de parto pretérmino. La muestra conformada por 108 pacientes de las cuales el 60% se encuentran en edades comprendidas de 15 a 17 años, el 92% representa un nivel socioeconómico bajo, 80% con una alimentación regular. Las pacientes tienen hábitos, donde incluye consumo de café 61%, alcohol 28% y drogas 19%, el 54% presentó infección de vías urinarias, el 48% tuvieron un control prenatal integral, el 20% a quien se realizó maduración pulmonar fetal, el 100% de las pacientes mejoró y llegaron a feliz término con el embarazo.
The threat of preterm birth is a set of signs that are characterized by the presence of uterine contractions 3 in 25-30 minutes, without major cervical changes with dilation less than 3 centimeters before 37 weeks of gestation. In most cases it is usually associated with multifactorial causes. Among them are the most common infections such as cervicovaginal, chorioamnionitis, urinary tract infection ranging from 40-50%, consumption of psychotropic or alcoholic substances, stress, trauma, poor prenatal controls, history in obstetric history. Interventions aimed at correcting this syndrome, increased uterine activity (tocolysis), cervical changes (cerclage), infections (antibiotic therapy), in exceptional cases (termination of pregnancy). In this context, a prospective, non-experimental field study was carried out in the hospitalization area of the Matilde Hidalgo Hospital in Procel, whose universe was the pregnant women between 15 and 19 years of age who presented a threat of preterm labor. The sample comprised 108 patients, 60% of whom were between 15 and 17 years of age, 92% represented a low socioeconomic level, 80% with a regular diet. Patients had habits, including 61% of coffee consumption, alcohol 24% and drugs 15%, 54% had urinary tract infection, 45% had integral prenatal care, 87% had fetal lung maturation, 59% of the patients improved and they reached a happy ending with the pregnancy.
The threat of preterm birth is a set of signs that are characterized by the presence of uterine contractions 3 in 25-30 minutes, without major cervical changes with dilation less than 3 centimeters before 37 weeks of gestation. In most cases it is usually associated with multifactorial causes. Among them are the most common infections such as cervicovaginal, chorioamnionitis, urinary tract infection ranging from 40-50%, consumption of psychotropic or alcoholic substances, stress, trauma, poor prenatal controls, history in obstetric history. Interventions aimed at correcting this syndrome, increased uterine activity (tocolysis), cervical changes (cerclage), infections (antibiotic therapy), in exceptional cases (termination of pregnancy). In this context, a prospective, non-experimental field study was carried out in the hospitalization area of the Matilde Hidalgo Hospital in Procel, whose universe was the pregnant women between 15 and 19 years of age who presented a threat of preterm labor. The sample comprised 108 patients, 60% of whom were between 15 and 17 years of age, 92% represented a low socioeconomic level, 80% with a regular diet. Patients had habits, including 61% of coffee consumption, alcohol 24% and drugs 15%, 54% had urinary tract infection, 45% had integral prenatal care, 87% had fetal lung maturation, 59% of the patients improved and they reached a happy ending with the pregnancy.
Descripción
PDF
Palabras clave
EMBARAZO EN ADOLECENCIA, PRIMIGESTAS, AMENAZA DE PARTO PREMATURO, INFECCIONES URINARIAS, EPIDEMIOLOGÍA DESCRIPTIVA, ESTUDIOS PROSPECTIVOS, HOSPITAL MATERNO INFANTIL DRA.MATILDE HIDALGO DE PROCEL, CANTÓN GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR, CAUSALIDAD