Incidencia del peso de la carga en la lumbalgia que presentan los garrucheros. Diseño de un plan de vigilancia de la salud.
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Fecha
2014-07-04
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial. Maestría en Seguridad, Higiene Industrial y Salud Ocupacional.
Resumen
El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer la incidencia de la carga en la lumbalgia que padecen los garrucheros de la hacienda bananera Santa Mónica y determinar el tipo de la misma y así, desarrollar un plan de vigilancia de la salud para estos. Para el efecto, se empleó una balanza calibrada para conocer exactamente el peso de herramientas y carga manipuladas por cada trabajador. Para el diagnóstico del tipo de lumbalgia se realizaron evaluaciones médicas a los trabajadores; para conocer el grado de incapacidad generada por el dolor se les realizó el cuestionario de incapacidad lumbar de Owestry; para tener una percepción del esfuerzo desarrollado por los garrucheros en la ejecución de sus tareas se empleó una encuesta aplicando la escala de Borg; para determinar el índice de levantamiento de carga, se utilizó la técnica de NIOSH; y, para establecer el riesgo postural, el método ergonómico REBA. Se determinó que el peso de la carga excede lo ergonómicamente aceptable siendo la causa principal de lumbalgia en los garrucheros.
The objective of this study was to know the incidence of the weight of the load on low back pain endured by the garrucheros of the banana plantation Santa Monica and determine the type of the same and therefore, develop a health surveillance plan for them. For this purpose we used a calibrated scale to know exactly the weight of tools and load handled by each worker. In the diagnosis of the type of back pain, medical evaluations were made to the workers. To determine the degree of disability caused by the pain, workers underwent the lumbar disability questionnaire Owestry. To have a perception of the effort developed by the garrucheros in the execution of their tasks, a survey applying the Borg scale was employed. In order to define the index of elevation of the load, the NIOSH technique was used. Finally to establish the postural risk, the REBA ergonomic method was used. As consequence the cause of the low back pain in the workers is the weight of the load that exceeds the ergonomically acceptable
The objective of this study was to know the incidence of the weight of the load on low back pain endured by the garrucheros of the banana plantation Santa Monica and determine the type of the same and therefore, develop a health surveillance plan for them. For this purpose we used a calibrated scale to know exactly the weight of tools and load handled by each worker. In the diagnosis of the type of back pain, medical evaluations were made to the workers. To determine the degree of disability caused by the pain, workers underwent the lumbar disability questionnaire Owestry. To have a perception of the effort developed by the garrucheros in the execution of their tasks, a survey applying the Borg scale was employed. In order to define the index of elevation of the load, the NIOSH technique was used. Finally to establish the postural risk, the REBA ergonomic method was used. As consequence the cause of the low back pain in the workers is the weight of the load that exceeds the ergonomically acceptable
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SEGURIDAD, HIGIENE INDUSTRIAL Y SALUD OCUPACIONAL, GARRUCHERO, LUMBALGIA, INCAPACIDAD FUNCIONAL