Complicaciones en mujeres embarazadas con anemia en el Hospital IESS Milagro en el año 2014
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2015
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Medicina
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La anemia en mujeres embarazadas es un trastorno sanguíneo que constituye un serio problema de salud a nivel mundial que afecta sobre todo a países de nivel socioeconómico bajo. Existen varios tipos de anemias pero las que más predominan en la etapa gestacional son las anemias carenciales entre ellas la más mg/dl. Si este déficit de hierro no es tratado a tiempo y de manera eficiente puede ocasionar diversas complicaciones tanto en la madre como en el hijo. En el periodo comprendido entre enero a diciembre del año 2014, se seleccionaron 100 pacientes con diagnóstico de anemia gestacional que fueron atendidos en el área de emergencia y de hospitalización ginecológica del Hospital IESS Milagro. Mediante un estudio descriptivo clínico-epidemiológico, se pudo determinar que se diagnosticó con mayor frecuencia anemia en mujeres con edades comprendidas entre los 15 y 25 años. La mayoría de estas pacientes residían en el sectores rurales (53%) con un predominio en mujeres con instrucción académica primaria (42%). La mayoría no se había realizado controles prenatales (55%) ni controles de exámenes de laboratorio (50%) lo que retrasa el diagnostico de anemia hasta el segundo trimestre de gestación (47%) presentando cuadros de anemia Leves en un 69% recibiendo únicamente tratamiento con hierro via ora l(75%) . El 66% ingreso por 1 ocasión a hospitalización presentando infecciones urinarias (62%). La complicación materna más asociada a la anemia fue la amenaza de aborto, y la neonatal más fue la prematuridad con un 41%.
Anemia in pregnant women is a blood disorder that is a serious health problem worldwide that especially affects countries with low socioeconomic status. There are several types of anemia, but the most prevalent gestational stage are including deficiency anemia is the most common deficiency anemia. Anemia is considered when hemoglobin descended from 11 mg / dl. If this iron deficiency is not treated on time and efficiently it can cause various complications in both the mother and the child. In the period from January to December 2014, 100 patients were selected with diagnosis of gestational anemia who were treated in the emergency area and gynecological hospital IESS Hospital Miracle. Through a clinical and epidemiological descriptive study, it was determined that anemia was diagnosed more frequently in women aged between 15 and 25 years. Most of these patients residing in rural areas (53%) with a predominance in women with high academic instruction (50%). The majority had not done prenatal controls (55%) and laboratory tests controls (50%) thereby delaying the diagnosis of anemia until the second trimester presenting pictures of Mild anemia only 47% treated with iron orally (75%). 66% income from one occasion to hospital presenting urinary tract infections (62%). Maternal complication associated with anemia was the threat of abortion, and more neonatal prematurity was 41%.
Anemia in pregnant women is a blood disorder that is a serious health problem worldwide that especially affects countries with low socioeconomic status. There are several types of anemia, but the most prevalent gestational stage are including deficiency anemia is the most common deficiency anemia. Anemia is considered when hemoglobin descended from 11 mg / dl. If this iron deficiency is not treated on time and efficiently it can cause various complications in both the mother and the child. In the period from January to December 2014, 100 patients were selected with diagnosis of gestational anemia who were treated in the emergency area and gynecological hospital IESS Hospital Miracle. Through a clinical and epidemiological descriptive study, it was determined that anemia was diagnosed more frequently in women aged between 15 and 25 years. Most of these patients residing in rural areas (53%) with a predominance in women with high academic instruction (50%). The majority had not done prenatal controls (55%) and laboratory tests controls (50%) thereby delaying the diagnosis of anemia until the second trimester presenting pictures of Mild anemia only 47% treated with iron orally (75%). 66% income from one occasion to hospital presenting urinary tract infections (62%). Maternal complication associated with anemia was the threat of abortion, and more neonatal prematurity was 41%.
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Anemia, Mujeres embarazadas, Estudio descriptivo, Adolescente, Hospital del IESS de Milagro Dr. Federico Bolaños Moreira, Cantón Milagro, Ecuador