Cepillado dental como factor de riesgo de enfermedad periodontal en pacientes de 20 a 60 años
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2020-06
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El cepillado dental es un método básico lo cual consiste en la fricción de las cerdas del cepillo contra la superficie de los dientes, eliminando la placa bacteriana y previniendo de enfermedades periodontales. Donde se determinó la incidencia del cepillado dental como factor de riesgo de enfermedad periodontal en pacientes de 20 a 60 años. La presente investigación fue de tipo cualitativo, descriptivo y transversal, donde se analizaron 105 fichas únicas de trabajo clínico gingivitis-periodoncia pertenecientes a los pacientes atendidos por los alumnos en la Clínica Integral del adulto - adulto mayor Facultad de Odontología. Se demostró una deficiente higiene según el índice de O´Leary en un 68,57%, la técnica de cepillado vertical fue la más utilizada en un 52,38%, el tiempo y frecuencia fue de 1 a 2 min en un 30,48% y 2 veces al día realizan el cepillado dental un 59,05%, dentro de los implementos de aseo bucal todos utilizan pasta y cepillo dental, pero no utilizan hilo ni enjuague bucal en un 91,43%, 76,19 respectivamente. El tipo de enfermedad periodontal que se identificó fue gingivitis con un 53,33% y periodontitis en un 46,67%; respecto al rango y sexo con mayor prevalencia de enfermedad periodontal relacionado al cepillado fue 20-30 años sexo femenino. Los pacientes presentaron una deficiente higiene bucal debido a la falta de conocimiento o inapropiado uso de la técnica de cepillado e implementos como el hilo y el enjuague bucal, para la eliminación completa de la placa bacteriana.
Dental brushing is a basic method which consists on the friction of the bristles of a brush against teeth surfaces. This method eliminates bacterial plaque and prevents periodontal diseases. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence of tooth brushing as a risk factor for periodontal diseases in patients aged 20 to 60. This investigation corresponds to a qualitative, descriptive and transversal type in which 105 unique records of gingivitis-periodontitis were analyzed during clinical work. Participants were patients assisted by students in the Integral Clinic of the adult and elderly in the Faculty of Odontology. According to the O’Leary´s index poor hygiene was evidenced at 68.57%; the vertical brushing technique was the most frequent with 52.38%, the time and frequency was of 1 to 2 minutes in a 30.48% and 59.05% perform tooth brushing twice a day. Within oral hygiene implements, everyone uses toothbrush and toothpaste; dental flossing and oral rinse was in a 91.43%, 76.19% respectively. The type of periodontal diseases that were identified were gingivitis with a 53.33%, and periodontitis in a 46.67% regarding to the range and sex with the most prevalence of periodontal diseases related to brushing was 20 -30 year old in the female sex in a 53.33%, 60.95% respectively. Patients present a deficient oral hygiene due to lack of knowledge regarding proper use of the brushing technique and oral hygiene implements like floss and rinse for the complete elimination of bacterial plaque.
Dental brushing is a basic method which consists on the friction of the bristles of a brush against teeth surfaces. This method eliminates bacterial plaque and prevents periodontal diseases. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence of tooth brushing as a risk factor for periodontal diseases in patients aged 20 to 60. This investigation corresponds to a qualitative, descriptive and transversal type in which 105 unique records of gingivitis-periodontitis were analyzed during clinical work. Participants were patients assisted by students in the Integral Clinic of the adult and elderly in the Faculty of Odontology. According to the O’Leary´s index poor hygiene was evidenced at 68.57%; the vertical brushing technique was the most frequent with 52.38%, the time and frequency was of 1 to 2 minutes in a 30.48% and 59.05% perform tooth brushing twice a day. Within oral hygiene implements, everyone uses toothbrush and toothpaste; dental flossing and oral rinse was in a 91.43%, 76.19% respectively. The type of periodontal diseases that were identified were gingivitis with a 53.33%, and periodontitis in a 46.67% regarding to the range and sex with the most prevalence of periodontal diseases related to brushing was 20 -30 year old in the female sex in a 53.33%, 60.95% respectively. Patients present a deficient oral hygiene due to lack of knowledge regarding proper use of the brushing technique and oral hygiene implements like floss and rinse for the complete elimination of bacterial plaque.
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CEPILLADO, PLACA BACTERIANA, ENFERMEDADES PERIODONTALES