Causas e incidencia de anemia ferropénica en adolescentes gestantes de 11 a 19 años, en la Maternidad Matilde Hidalgo de Procel
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2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Obstetricia
Resumen
La anemia en adolescentes gestantes constituye un problema de morbimortalidad materna neonatal, pudiendo producir tropiezos durante y después del embarazo. La anemia es una afección de los componentes de la sangre que se da una disminución de la hemoglobina por debajo de las cifras normales. La cifra normal estimada en hombres 14-18g/dl y mujeres 12-16g/dl. El propósito de la investigación determinar las causas e incidencia de mujeres adolescentes gestantes desde los 11 a 19 años, con diagnóstico de anemia ferropénica que acuden al Hospital Materno Infantil “Dra. Matilde Hidalgo De Procel” entre las fechas de junio a noviembre 2016, en las áreas de consulta externa, emergencia, hospitalización y recuperación post parto. Recolectando los datos con los instrumentos necesarios, historia clínica, encuesta y resultados de exámenes. Se realizó un estudio estadístico, prospectivo, bibliográfico, no experimental. Los resultados permitirán identificar las causas y consecuencias en la gestante y en el feto, y proponer un alternativa, para prevenir y contribuir a la disminución de casos y así reducir de la morbimortalidad materno - fetal. Los resultados revelaron que la anemia ferropénica se presentó con mayor frecuencia en las edades 16-17 años con un 46% y en menor frecuencia en pacientes de años 11-15 con 10%. Con anemia leve un 68% y un 9% severa Hay suficientes evidencias de que la anemia por deficiencia de hierro en la embarazada aumenta el riesgo de partos prematuros y bajo peso al nacer.
Anemia in pregnant adolescents constitutes a problem of neonatal maternal morbidity and mortality, which can produce stumbles during and after pregnancy. Anemia is a condition of blood components that results in a decrease in hemoglobin below normal numbers. The normal figure estimated in men 14-18g / dl and women 12-16g / dl. The purpose of the investigation is to determine the causes and incidence of pregnant women between the ages of 11 and 19, diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia, who attend the Hospital Materno Infantil "Dra. Matilde Hidalgo De Procel "between the dates of June and November 2016, in the areas of external consultation, emergency, hospitalization and postpartum recovery. Collecting the data with the necessary instruments, clinical history, and survey and test results. A statistical, prospective, bibliographic, non-experimental study was performed. The results will identify the causes and consequences in the pregnant woman and in the fetus, and propose an alternative, to prevent and contribute to the reduction of cases and thus reduce maternal - fetal morbidity and mortality. Results showed that iron deficiency anemia occurred more frequently in the ages 16-17 years with 46% and less frequently in patients 11-15 years with 10%. With mild anemia 68% and severe 9% There is sufficient evidence that iron deficiency anemia in the pregnant woman increases the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight.
Anemia in pregnant adolescents constitutes a problem of neonatal maternal morbidity and mortality, which can produce stumbles during and after pregnancy. Anemia is a condition of blood components that results in a decrease in hemoglobin below normal numbers. The normal figure estimated in men 14-18g / dl and women 12-16g / dl. The purpose of the investigation is to determine the causes and incidence of pregnant women between the ages of 11 and 19, diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia, who attend the Hospital Materno Infantil "Dra. Matilde Hidalgo De Procel "between the dates of June and November 2016, in the areas of external consultation, emergency, hospitalization and postpartum recovery. Collecting the data with the necessary instruments, clinical history, and survey and test results. A statistical, prospective, bibliographic, non-experimental study was performed. The results will identify the causes and consequences in the pregnant woman and in the fetus, and propose an alternative, to prevent and contribute to the reduction of cases and thus reduce maternal - fetal morbidity and mortality. Results showed that iron deficiency anemia occurred more frequently in the ages 16-17 years with 46% and less frequently in patients 11-15 years with 10%. With mild anemia 68% and severe 9% There is sufficient evidence that iron deficiency anemia in the pregnant woman increases the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight.
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Embarazo en adolescencia, Anemia ferropénica, Atención prenatal, Medicina preventiva, Hospital Materno Infantil Dra. Matilde Hidalgo de Procel, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Causalidad, Incidencia