Hipotiroidismo congénito: determinación de hormona estimulante de tiroides en neonatos
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2019
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
Resumen
El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo general establecer la frecuencia
presentada de falsos negativos en la prueba de tamizaje metabólico en pacientes neonatos que
desarrollaron hipotiroidismo congénito y que asistieron al Hospital del Niño Dr. Roberto Gilbert
Elizalde durante el año 2017. Por otra parte dentro de sus objetivos específicos estuvieron
determinar los valores de alarma del hipotiroidismo congénito mediante la prueba del tamizaje
metabólico neonatal, además considerar la manera de como ayudará el diseño de estrategias de
direccionamiento a los padres enfocadas en la medición de TSH en recién nacidos durante la
prueba de tamizaje neonatal; definir variables demográficas de la población identificada con
hipotiroidismo congénito y por ultimo diseñar una guía para padres de familia con la finalidad de
dar a conocer la importancia y el proceso de la medición de la hormona estimulante de la tiroides
en recién nacidos, mediante la prueba del tamizaje neonatal. El diseño de la presente
investigación es de tipo descriptivo de corte transversal con abordaje cuantitativo, puesto que
logrará determinar la prevalencia de los negativos de la prueba de tamizaje metabólico neonatal
en la medición de TSH en neonatos que desarrollaron la patología y que fueron atendidos en la
institución en el periodo antes descrito. Se obtuvo durante el proceso investigativo de los análisis
de datos de enero a diciembre del 2017, los resultados de las pruebas de tamizaje neonatal
efectuadas a 8113 recién nacidos, de las cuales las medidas estadísticas para valores normales de
hipotiroidismo congénito son de 0-8 μU/mL.
Palabras Claves: Tamizaje Metabólico, neonatos, hipotiroidismo congénito, hormona, TSH.
The objective of the present research work had the general objective of establishing the frequency of false negatives presented in the metabolic screening test in neonatal patients who developed congenital hypothyroidism and who attended the Dr. Roberto Gilbert Elizalde Children's Hospital during 2017. On the other hand, within One of its specific objectives was to determine the reference values of congenital hypothyroidism using the neonatal metabolic screening test, in addition to considering how the design of targeting strategies for parents focused on the measurement of TSH in newborns during the screening test will help. neonatal; define demographic variables of the population identified with congenital hypothyroidism and finally design a guide for parents in order to publicize the importance and the process of measuring thyroid-stimulating hormone in newborns, using the neonatal screening. The design of the present investigation is descriptive of a cross-sectional type with a quantitative approach, since it will determine the prevalence of negatives of the neonatal metabolic screening test in the measurement of TSH in neonates who developed the pathology and who were attended in the institution in the period described above. During the investigative process of the data analyzes from January to December 2017, the results of the neonatal screening tests carried out on 8113 newborns were obtained, of which the statistical measures for the congenital hypothyroidism reference value are 0-8 μU / mL
The objective of the present research work had the general objective of establishing the frequency of false negatives presented in the metabolic screening test in neonatal patients who developed congenital hypothyroidism and who attended the Dr. Roberto Gilbert Elizalde Children's Hospital during 2017. On the other hand, within One of its specific objectives was to determine the reference values of congenital hypothyroidism using the neonatal metabolic screening test, in addition to considering how the design of targeting strategies for parents focused on the measurement of TSH in newborns during the screening test will help. neonatal; define demographic variables of the population identified with congenital hypothyroidism and finally design a guide for parents in order to publicize the importance and the process of measuring thyroid-stimulating hormone in newborns, using the neonatal screening. The design of the present investigation is descriptive of a cross-sectional type with a quantitative approach, since it will determine the prevalence of negatives of the neonatal metabolic screening test in the measurement of TSH in neonates who developed the pathology and who were attended in the institution in the period described above. During the investigative process of the data analyzes from January to December 2017, the results of the neonatal screening tests carried out on 8113 newborns were obtained, of which the statistical measures for the congenital hypothyroidism reference value are 0-8 μU / mL
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Palabras clave
Tamizaje masivo, Recién nacido, Hipotiroidismo congénito, Hospital de Niños Dr. Roberto Gilbert Elizalde, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador