Análisis de la variación de la cobertura glaciar en el ecuador mediante teledetección
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2020-10
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La cobertura glaciar del Ecuador ha experimentado varios cambios en las últimas décadas, por lo cual se realizó el análisis de la variación de los siete glaciares del Ecuador continental mediante el uso de imágenes satelitales Landsat de diferentes años, las cuales fueron procesadas para obtener las coberturas glaciares. La metodología aplicada se basó en el cálculo del Índice Diferencial Normalizado de Nieve (NDSI) y su clasificación, la cual fue validada a través de matrices de confusión y el índice kappa, que obtuvo valores de 0,74 a 1. Una vez obtenidas las coberturas glaciares y sus superficies, se calcularon las variaciones y tasas de cambio. Finalmente se seleccionó un periodo en el que la cobertura de nieve no tenía una gran influencia sobre el análisis de la variación, obteniéndose una disminución de -40,49% entre 1991-2017 para El Altar, -40,41% entre 1989-2019 para el Chimborazo, -30,89% entre 1991-2019 para el Cotopaxi, -25,17% entre 1991-2017 para el Cayambe, -19,73% entre 1991-2017 para el Carihuairazo, -15,29% entre 1991-2019 para el Iliniza y -13,01% entre 1991-2019 para el Antisana. Los resultados obtenidos evidenciaron una tendencia de reducción a largo plazo para todas las coberturas glaciares del Ecuador.
The glacier cover of Ecuador has undergone several changes in the last decades, for which the analysis of the variation of the seven glaciers of mainland Ecuador was carried out by using Landsat satellite images from different years, which were processed to obtain the glacier covers. The applied methodology was based on the calculation of the Normalized Difference Snow Index (NDSI) and its classification, which was validated through confusion matrices and the kappa statistic, which obtained values from 0.74 to 1. Once the glacier covers and their surfaces were obtained, the variations and the exchange rates were calculated. Finally, a period was selected in which the snow cover did not have a major influence on the analysis of the variation, obtaining a decrease of -40.49% between 1991-2017 for El Altar, -40.41% between 1989-2019 for Chimborazo, -30.89% between 1991-2019 for Cotopaxi, -25.17% between 1991-2017 for Cayambe, -19.73% between 1991-2017 for Carihuairazo, -15.29% between 1991-2019 for Iliniza and -13.01% between 1991-2019 for Antisana. The results showed a long-term reduction trend for all glacier covers in Ecuador.
The glacier cover of Ecuador has undergone several changes in the last decades, for which the analysis of the variation of the seven glaciers of mainland Ecuador was carried out by using Landsat satellite images from different years, which were processed to obtain the glacier covers. The applied methodology was based on the calculation of the Normalized Difference Snow Index (NDSI) and its classification, which was validated through confusion matrices and the kappa statistic, which obtained values from 0.74 to 1. Once the glacier covers and their surfaces were obtained, the variations and the exchange rates were calculated. Finally, a period was selected in which the snow cover did not have a major influence on the analysis of the variation, obtaining a decrease of -40.49% between 1991-2017 for El Altar, -40.41% between 1989-2019 for Chimborazo, -30.89% between 1991-2019 for Cotopaxi, -25.17% between 1991-2017 for Cayambe, -19.73% between 1991-2017 for Carihuairazo, -15.29% between 1991-2019 for Iliniza and -13.01% between 1991-2019 for Antisana. The results showed a long-term reduction trend for all glacier covers in Ecuador.
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COBERTURA GLACIAR, NDSI, KAPPA, RETROCESO GLACIAR