Caracterización clínica de la insuficiencia respiratoria en pacientes de 35 a 65 años con covid-19 en el Hospital Abel Gilbert Pontón
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2020
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
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Introducción: A finales del año 2019, surgió en el continente asiático, en china (Wuhan) la noticia de la aparición de un nuevo virus, el cual llego a convertirse en una pandemia que afecta de una forma devastadora. La problemática se basa principalmente en que la presentación clínica del virus es de una manera variada y, además de que se presentaban casos de pacientes asintomáticos, razón por la cual el contagio aumento de una manera exponencial en todo el mundo, La tasa de mortalidad varía ampliamente en la presente investigación, los factores de riesgo de enfermedad grave y muerte incluyen condiciones comórbidas como hipertensión, diabetes mellitus y otras patologías en cuanto al presente estudio. Objetivo: determinar la característica clínica de la insuficiencia respiratoria en los pacientes con covid-19. Métodos y materiales: Estudio descriptivo, no experimental de tipo transversal, realizado en 63 pacientes entre 35-65 años, que acudieron al hospital de Especialidades Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón. Aquellos pacientes que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión, formaron la muestra de este estudio. Resultados: el análisis final de la tabulación, nos dio como resultado en cuanto a la edad que el 67% de pacientes tuvo mayor afectación de entre 57-65 años; que el 60% de afectados eran del sexo masculino; en cuanto a comorbilidades se presentó 57%(HTA) Y 37%(DBT TIPÒ 1 Y 2); el 55% presento una SatO2 entre el rango de 85-90%; mientras que el 56% presento una frecuencia respiratoria ≥25 rpm; la presencia de la insuficiencia respiratoria tipo 1 o hipoxémica se presentó en un 77% de la muestra; en cuanto a la asistencia terapéutica utilizada fue la mascarilla simple de oxígeno en un 40%, pero con la particularidad de que la mayoría de los pacientes que utilizaron alguna medida terapéutica al principio terminaron en ventilación mecánica. Del total de estos pacientes el 80% fue intubado, y solo el 20% se recuperó solo con la medida terapéutica implantada al principio. Del total de estos pacientes tan solo el 40% fallecieron y el 60% lograron superar la enfermedad en su etapa crítica. Recomendación: con la obtención de estos resultados se recomienda la aplicación de la guía de rehabilitación pulmonar a los pacientes que en la mayoría superaron la enfermedad y necesitaran recuperar su función pulmonar y sus labores cotidianas y así poder mejorar el estilo de vida de los individuos afectados.
Introduction: At the end of 2019, the news of the appearance of a new virus emerged in the Asian continent, in China (Wuhan), which became a pandemic that affects in a devastating way. The problem is mainly based on the fact that the clinical presentation of the virus is in a varied way and, in addition to the fact that there were cases of asymptomatic patients, which is why the contagion increased exponentially throughout the world, The mortality rate varies broadly in the present investigation, risk factors for severe disease and death include comorbid conditions such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and other pathologies in the present study. Objective: to determine the clinical characteristics of respiratory failure in patients with covid-19. Methods and materials: Descriptive, non-experimental, cross-sectional study, carried out in 63 patients between 35-65 years of age, who attended the Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón Specialty Hospital. Those patients who met the inclusion criteria formed the sample of this study. Results: the final analysis of the tabulation, gave us as a result regarding the age that 67% of patients had greater affectation between 57-65 years; that 60% of those affected were male; Regarding comorbidities, there were 57% (HTN) and 37% (DBT TIP 2 1 AND 2); 55% presented a SatO2 between the range of 85-90%; while 56% presented a respiratory rate ≥25 rpm; the presence of type 1 or hypoxemic respiratory failure was present in 77% of the sample; Regarding the therapeutic assistance used, it was the simple oxygen mask in 40%, but with the particularity that most of the patients who used some therapeutic measure at the beginning ended up on mechanical ventilation. Of all these patients, 80% were intubated, and only 20% recovered only with the therapeutic measure implanted at the beginning. Of all these patients, only 40% died and 60% managed to overcome the disease in its critical stage. Recommendation: with the obtaining of these results, the application of the pulmonary rehabilitation guide is recommended to patients who in the majority overcame the disease and need to recover their lung function and their daily tasks and thus be able to improve the lifestyle of affected individuals
Introduction: At the end of 2019, the news of the appearance of a new virus emerged in the Asian continent, in China (Wuhan), which became a pandemic that affects in a devastating way. The problem is mainly based on the fact that the clinical presentation of the virus is in a varied way and, in addition to the fact that there were cases of asymptomatic patients, which is why the contagion increased exponentially throughout the world, The mortality rate varies broadly in the present investigation, risk factors for severe disease and death include comorbid conditions such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and other pathologies in the present study. Objective: to determine the clinical characteristics of respiratory failure in patients with covid-19. Methods and materials: Descriptive, non-experimental, cross-sectional study, carried out in 63 patients between 35-65 years of age, who attended the Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón Specialty Hospital. Those patients who met the inclusion criteria formed the sample of this study. Results: the final analysis of the tabulation, gave us as a result regarding the age that 67% of patients had greater affectation between 57-65 years; that 60% of those affected were male; Regarding comorbidities, there were 57% (HTN) and 37% (DBT TIP 2 1 AND 2); 55% presented a SatO2 between the range of 85-90%; while 56% presented a respiratory rate ≥25 rpm; the presence of type 1 or hypoxemic respiratory failure was present in 77% of the sample; Regarding the therapeutic assistance used, it was the simple oxygen mask in 40%, but with the particularity that most of the patients who used some therapeutic measure at the beginning ended up on mechanical ventilation. Of all these patients, 80% were intubated, and only 20% recovered only with the therapeutic measure implanted at the beginning. Of all these patients, only 40% died and 60% managed to overcome the disease in its critical stage. Recommendation: with the obtaining of these results, the application of the pulmonary rehabilitation guide is recommended to patients who in the majority overcame the disease and need to recover their lung function and their daily tasks and thus be able to improve the lifestyle of affected individuals
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Insuficiencia respiratoria, Respiración artificial, Rehabilitación pulmonar, Infecciones por coronavirus, Hospital de Especialidades Guayaquil Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Signos y síntomas, Adulto