Caracterización del sistema familiar con hijos que presentan situación de discapacidad
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2020-03
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Universidad de Guayaquil -Facultad de Ciencias Psicológicas
Universidad de Guayaquil -Facultad de Ciencias Psicológicas
Universidad de Guayaquil -Facultad de Ciencias Psicológicas
Resumen
El presente análisis de caso se realizó a seis familias con hijos que presentan situación de discapacidad en la Cooperativa “Juan Montalvo” de la ciudad de Guayaquil entre el 15 de octubre del 2019 y el 28 de febrero del 2020. El objetivo del estudio fue caracterizar los elementos que favorecieron la funcionalidad del sistema familiar de estos hogares utilizando para ello la metodología del análisis de casos psicológicos de corte descriptivo y exploratorio, cualitativa con enfoque sistémico. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron: APGAR familiar, FFSIL, cuestionario MOS de apoyo social, ficha socio demográfica, entrevistas y escala de calidad de vida de WHOQOL. Partiendo del criterio de funcionalidad se establecieron referentes que sirvieron de orientación para analizar la estructura, dinámica y funcionamiento ante situaciones de crisis. Los indicadores que permitieron valorar el funcionamiento familiar fueron: los roles, comunicación, límites, apoyo social y calidad de vida. Los resultados mostraron cuatro familias funcionales y dos con disfuncionalidad, donde el hecho de contar con un miembro en situación de discapacidad no generó datos significativos. Sin embargo, el ser un grupo familiar con miembros jóvenes y de adultez media y tardía, el contar con redes de apoyo social y el percibir de forma optimista la calidad de vida fueron resultados altamente significativos en el análisis funcional de estos hogares
The present case analysis was carried out on six families with children who present a situation of disability in the Cooperativa “Juan Montalvo” of the Guayaquil city between October 15, 2019 and February 28, 2020. The objective of the study was to characterize the elements that favored the functionality of the family system of these households using the methodology of the analysis of psychological cases of descriptive and exploratory nature, qualitative with a systemic approach. The instruments used were: APGAR familiar, FFSIL, MOS social support questionnaire, socio-demographic file, interviews and WHOQOL quality of life scale. Based on the criterion of functionality, references were established that served as guidance to analyze the structure, dynamics and functioning in crisis situations. The indicators that allowed to assess family functioning were roles, communication, limits, social support and quality of life. The results showed four functional families and two with dysfunctionality, where the fact of having a member with a disability did not generate significant data. However, being a family group with young and middle and late adulthood members, having social support networks and optimistically perceiving the quality of life were highly significant results in the functional analysis of these homes
The present case analysis was carried out on six families with children who present a situation of disability in the Cooperativa “Juan Montalvo” of the Guayaquil city between October 15, 2019 and February 28, 2020. The objective of the study was to characterize the elements that favored the functionality of the family system of these households using the methodology of the analysis of psychological cases of descriptive and exploratory nature, qualitative with a systemic approach. The instruments used were: APGAR familiar, FFSIL, MOS social support questionnaire, socio-demographic file, interviews and WHOQOL quality of life scale. Based on the criterion of functionality, references were established that served as guidance to analyze the structure, dynamics and functioning in crisis situations. The indicators that allowed to assess family functioning were roles, communication, limits, social support and quality of life. The results showed four functional families and two with dysfunctionality, where the fact of having a member with a disability did not generate significant data. However, being a family group with young and middle and late adulthood members, having social support networks and optimistically perceiving the quality of life were highly significant results in the functional analysis of these homes
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Sistema familiar, funcionalidad, apoyo social, calidad de vida, discapacidad