El endeudamiento externo y su incidencia en la economía ecuatoriana, período 1960-2018
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2020-06
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Facultad de Ciencias Económicas. Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
El presente trabajo de investigación se desarrolló con el objetivo de analizar la incidencia de la deuda pública externa, como fuente de flujos financieros internacionales, en la economía ecuatoriana durante el periodo 1960-2018. La importancia de analizar el endeudamiento como una fuente de flujos financieros internacionales radica en comparar la participación respecto a los flujos que ingresaron directamente a la economía nacional. La investigación se llevó a cabo con un enfoque cuantitativo, con alcance descriptivo, un diseño de tipo documental y aplicando los métodos histórico-comparativo y analítico para comparar los montos totales de los flujos financieros internacionales y determinar las consecuencias del endeudamiento sobre los indicadores socioeconómicos. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que el aumento del endeudamiento en la década de los setenta representó un menor incremento en el crecimiento de los indicadores económicos y un deterioro de los indicadores sociales, sin embargo, en las décadas 1990-1999 y 2000-2009 donde el endeudamiento se ha mantenido de forma más moderada, ha representado un comportamiento con tendencia ascendente tanto en los indicadores económicos como sociales. Se concluyó que cuando existe una afluencia en el ingreso de flujos de deuda pública externa por encima de las modalidades de flujos de financiamiento de capital, estos terminan repercutiendo de forma negativa, y con mayor impacto, sobre el desarrollo de los indicadores sociales.
This research work was developed with the objective of analyzing the incidence of the external public debt, as a source of international financial flows, in the Ecuadorian economy during the period 1960-2018. The importance of analyzing the debt as a modality of international financial flows lies in comparing the participation with respect to the flows that entered directly into the national economy. The research was carried out with a quantitative approach, with a descriptive scope, a documentary type design and applying the historical-comparative and analytical methods to compare the total amounts of international financial flows and determine the influence of indebtedness on socio-economic indicators. The results obtained show that the increase in indebtedness in the seventies represented an increase in the growth of economic indicators to the detriment of social indicators. However, in the decades 1990-1999 and 2000-2009, where indebtedness has remained more moderate, it has represented a behavior with an upward trend in both economic and social indicators. It was concluded that when there is an inflow of external public debt flows above the modality of capital financing flows, these end up having a negative impact on the development of social indicators. Keywords: Public
This research work was developed with the objective of analyzing the incidence of the external public debt, as a source of international financial flows, in the Ecuadorian economy during the period 1960-2018. The importance of analyzing the debt as a modality of international financial flows lies in comparing the participation with respect to the flows that entered directly into the national economy. The research was carried out with a quantitative approach, with a descriptive scope, a documentary type design and applying the historical-comparative and analytical methods to compare the total amounts of international financial flows and determine the influence of indebtedness on socio-economic indicators. The results obtained show that the increase in indebtedness in the seventies represented an increase in the growth of economic indicators to the detriment of social indicators. However, in the decades 1990-1999 and 2000-2009, where indebtedness has remained more moderate, it has represented a behavior with an upward trend in both economic and social indicators. It was concluded that when there is an inflow of external public debt flows above the modality of capital financing flows, these end up having a negative impact on the development of social indicators. Keywords: Public
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ENDEUDAMIENTO, DEUDA PÚBLICA, FINANCIAMIENTO, MODALIDADES