Concentración de plomo en la especie Gerres simillimus (Regan, 1907) en los esteros Tres Bocas y Mongón
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2020-10
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Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad de Guayaquil
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Entre los principales contaminantes que afectan al ambiente se encuentra el plomo por ser tóxico para la fauna, la flora y los humanos. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la concentración de plomo en la especie Gerres simillimus, de los Esteros Tres Bocas (ETB) y Mongón en los años 2014 y 2019. Para ello, se colectaron muestras de agua, sedimento y peces de los Esteros por triplicado. Las muestras se analizaron por espectrofotometría de absorción atómica con horno de grafito. En cuanto a la concentración de plomo en el tejido muscular de los peces, los machos presentaron una mediana de 0,025 mg/kg y las hembras 0,031 mg/kg de Pb, todos por debajo del LMP para consumo humano. A fin de encontrar la fuente de contaminación de Pb para los peces se midió este metal pesado en agua y sedimentos. Las concentraciones de plomo en agua no fueron detectables en el año 2014 pero sí en el 2019, indicando un aumento en la contaminación. En el año 2019 en el ETB la concentración de Pb fue de 0,003±0,002 mg/L y en Mongón de 0,002±0,001 mg/L en agua, superando los límites máximos permisibles (LMP) para la preservación de la flora y fauna. Por otro lado, la concentración de plomo en sedimento se incrementó en el tiempo, sin superar los LMP. Aunque en los peces no superaron los límites, se evidenció correlación con el contenido de Pb en los sedimentos, mismo que está aumentando en el tiempo, lo que podría conllevar a un problema de salud a futuro, en los consumidores de Gerres simillimus.
Lead is among the main pollutants in the environment as it is toxic to fauna, flora and humans. The objective of this study was to determine the lead concentration in the species Gerres simillimus, from Esteros Tres Bocas (ETB) and Mongón in the years 2014 and 2019. For this, samples of water, sediment and fish were collected from the Esteros in triplicate. The samples were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry with a graphite furnace. Regarding the concentration of lead in the muscle tissue of fish, males have a median of 0.025 mg/kg and females 0.031 mg/kg of Pb, everything below the MPL for human consumption. In order to find the source of Pb contamination for fish heavy metal was measured in water and sediment. Lead concentrations in water were not detectable in 2014 but they were in 2019, indicating an increase in pollution. In 2019 in ETB the concentration of Pb was 0.003 ± 0.002 mg/L and in Mongón 0.002 ± 0.001 mg/L in water. Exceeding the maximum permissible limits (LMP) for the preservation of flora and fauna. Another way, lead concentration in sediment increased over time, without exceeding the LMP. Although the fish didn’t exceed the limits. Correlation with Pb content in sediments was evidenced, which is increasing over time and could lead to a health problem in the future with Gerres simillimus consumers.
Lead is among the main pollutants in the environment as it is toxic to fauna, flora and humans. The objective of this study was to determine the lead concentration in the species Gerres simillimus, from Esteros Tres Bocas (ETB) and Mongón in the years 2014 and 2019. For this, samples of water, sediment and fish were collected from the Esteros in triplicate. The samples were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry with a graphite furnace. Regarding the concentration of lead in the muscle tissue of fish, males have a median of 0.025 mg/kg and females 0.031 mg/kg of Pb, everything below the MPL for human consumption. In order to find the source of Pb contamination for fish heavy metal was measured in water and sediment. Lead concentrations in water were not detectable in 2014 but they were in 2019, indicating an increase in pollution. In 2019 in ETB the concentration of Pb was 0.003 ± 0.002 mg/L and in Mongón 0.002 ± 0.001 mg/L in water. Exceeding the maximum permissible limits (LMP) for the preservation of flora and fauna. Another way, lead concentration in sediment increased over time, without exceeding the LMP. Although the fish didn’t exceed the limits. Correlation with Pb content in sediments was evidenced, which is increasing over time and could lead to a health problem in the future with Gerres simillimus consumers.
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METALES PESADOS, PLOMO, Gerres simillimus, CONTAMINACIÓN