Bioseguridad y protocolo de atención a pacientes adultos con vih/sida
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2021-03
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
Resumen
El virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH), ha sido el causante de muchas muertes, más de 37 millones de personas la padecen a nivel mundial. El VIH/SIDA se transmite a través de fluidos corporales, principalmente la sangre. Las normas de bioseguridad tienen como finalidad evitar la transmisión de microorganismos tanto al paciente, al profesional y equipo de salud, ya que están expuestos a accidentes por exposición a fluidos corporales, objetos cortopunzantes y aerosoles producidos en el ambiente laboral durante la acción clínica. El presente estudio bibliográfico tiene como objetivo describir las medidas de bioseguridad y el protocolo de atención a pacientes adultos con VIH/SIDA. La Metodología utilizada es de tipo cualitativo, descriptivo y documental, con la cual se obtuvo información de diversas fuentes acerca de medidas de Bioseguridad y Protocolo que se debe aplicar en pacientes adultos con VIH/SIDA. Dentro de los resultados, de todos los artículos revisados, se puede demostrar que aún existe conocimiento y cumplimiento regular sobre normas de bioseguridad, lo cual aumenta el riesgo de contraer enfermedades infectocontagiosas. En Conclusión, es importante extremar cuidados por parte del trabajador de la salud tomando las medidas de bioseguridad necesarias como es el uso de barreras de protección y adecuado manejo de protocolo de atención de un paciente con VIH/SIDA para evitar riesgos de contagio y sobre todo cuidar la integridad del paciente, por ser una persona susceptible a infecciones oportunistas.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been the cause of many deaths, more than 37 million people suffer from it worldwide. HIV/AIDS is transmitted through body fluids, mainly blood. The purpose of biosafety standards is to prevent the transmission of microorganisms to the patient, the professional and the health team, since they are exposed to accidents due to exposure to body fluids, sharps and aerosols produced in the work environment during clinical action. The aim of this bibliographic study is to describe the biosafety measures and the protocol for the care of adult patients with HIV/AIDS. The methodology used in this research is qualitative, descriptive, and documentary in which information was obtained from various sources regarding biosafety measures and protocol to be applied in adult patients with HIV/AIDS. Within the results, of all the articles reviewed, it can be demonstrated that there is still knowledge and regular compliance with biosafety regulations, which increases the risk of contracting contagious diseases. In conclusion, it is important to take extreme care on the part of the health worker by taking the necessary biosecurity measures such as the use of protective barriers and adequate management of the protocol for the care of a patient with HIV/AIDS to avoid the risk of contagion and above all to take care of the patient's integrity, since he/she is a person susceptible to opportunistic infections.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been the cause of many deaths, more than 37 million people suffer from it worldwide. HIV/AIDS is transmitted through body fluids, mainly blood. The purpose of biosafety standards is to prevent the transmission of microorganisms to the patient, the professional and the health team, since they are exposed to accidents due to exposure to body fluids, sharps and aerosols produced in the work environment during clinical action. The aim of this bibliographic study is to describe the biosafety measures and the protocol for the care of adult patients with HIV/AIDS. The methodology used in this research is qualitative, descriptive, and documentary in which information was obtained from various sources regarding biosafety measures and protocol to be applied in adult patients with HIV/AIDS. Within the results, of all the articles reviewed, it can be demonstrated that there is still knowledge and regular compliance with biosafety regulations, which increases the risk of contracting contagious diseases. In conclusion, it is important to take extreme care on the part of the health worker by taking the necessary biosecurity measures such as the use of protective barriers and adequate management of the protocol for the care of a patient with HIV/AIDS to avoid the risk of contagion and above all to take care of the patient's integrity, since he/she is a person susceptible to opportunistic infections.
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PROTOCOLOS CLINICOS, BIOSEGURIDAD, SIDA SINDROME DE INMUNODEFICIENCIA ADQUIRIDA