Quiste Dentígero. Revisión Bibliográfica.
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2021-03
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
Resumen
El quiste Dentígero es uno de los quistes odontogénicos más comunes que se pueden presentar en los maxilares, o sea que se relaciona con la corona del diente ya sea impactado o no erupcionado o retenido.
Estos quistes dentígeros crecen presentar sintomatología alguna y así pudiendo existir sin ser de visualizado o descubierto por mucho tiempo, y así tiende a ser solo un hallazgo radiográfico.
El Quiste Dentígero es una suele ser solitario, pero se puede presentar múltiple o multifocal en presencia de síndromes o condiciones sistémicas como mucopolisacaridosis, displasia cleidocraneal, síndrome de Gorlin-Goltz (Síndrome nevus vasocelular), Maroteaux-Lamy y síndrome de Klippel Feil.
El Quiste Dentígero se origina por la presión ejercida por un diente en erupción dentro de un folículo impactado, éste obstruye el flujo venoso conduciendo a un rápido transudado de suero a través de las paredes de los capilares sanguíneos, aumentando la presión hidrostática del fluido, lo que ocasiona la separación del folículo de la corona con o sin epitelio reducido del esmalte.
Radiográficamente, se presenta como un área radiolúcida bien definida de bordes corticalizados y unilocular con un diámetro mayor a 2,5 cm alrededor de la corona de un diente no erupcionado. Puede provocar reabsorción radicular de piezas permanentes o deciduas y algunas veces se presenta multilocular con márgenes festoneados o discontinuos, pudiendo ser confundido por otra lesión odontogénica
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como por ejemplo ameloblastoma uniquístico, queratoquiste, tumor odontogénico adenomatoide (TOA) y fi broma ameloblástico; siendo estos casos oportunos evaluarlos minuciosamente.
The dentigerous cyst is one of the most common odontogenic cyst that can occur in the jaw, that is related to the crown of the tooth, whether it is compacted or not or retained or not erupted. These dentigerous cysts grow without presenting any symptoms and thus may exist without being visualized or discovered for a long time; and therefore it tends to be only a radiographic finding. The Dentigerous Cyst is usually solitary, but it can present multiple or multifocal in the presence of syndromes or systemic conditions such as mucopolysaccharidosis, cleidocranial dysplasia, Gorlin-Goltz syndrome (vasocellular nevus syndrome), Maroteaux-Lamy and Klippel Feil syndrome. The Dentigerous Cyst is caused by the pressure exerted by an erupting tooth within an impacted follicle, it obstructs the venous flow leading to a rapid transudate of serum through the walls of the blood capillaries, increasing the hydrostatic pressure of the fluid, which causing separation of the crown follicle with or without reduced enamel epithelius. 25 Radiographically, it appears as a well-defined radiolucent area of unilocular corticalized borders with a diameter greater than 2.5 cm around the crown of an unexplored tooth. It can cause root resorption of permanent or deciduous teeth and is sometimes multilocular with scalloped or discontinuous margins, which can be mistaken for another odontogenic lesion such as unicystic ameloblastoma, keratocyst, adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (TOA), and ameloblastic fibroma; these cases being opportune to carefully evaluate them.
The dentigerous cyst is one of the most common odontogenic cyst that can occur in the jaw, that is related to the crown of the tooth, whether it is compacted or not or retained or not erupted. These dentigerous cysts grow without presenting any symptoms and thus may exist without being visualized or discovered for a long time; and therefore it tends to be only a radiographic finding. The Dentigerous Cyst is usually solitary, but it can present multiple or multifocal in the presence of syndromes or systemic conditions such as mucopolysaccharidosis, cleidocranial dysplasia, Gorlin-Goltz syndrome (vasocellular nevus syndrome), Maroteaux-Lamy and Klippel Feil syndrome. The Dentigerous Cyst is caused by the pressure exerted by an erupting tooth within an impacted follicle, it obstructs the venous flow leading to a rapid transudate of serum through the walls of the blood capillaries, increasing the hydrostatic pressure of the fluid, which causing separation of the crown follicle with or without reduced enamel epithelius. 25 Radiographically, it appears as a well-defined radiolucent area of unilocular corticalized borders with a diameter greater than 2.5 cm around the crown of an unexplored tooth. It can cause root resorption of permanent or deciduous teeth and is sometimes multilocular with scalloped or discontinuous margins, which can be mistaken for another odontogenic lesion such as unicystic ameloblastoma, keratocyst, adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (TOA), and ameloblastic fibroma; these cases being opportune to carefully evaluate them.
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QUISTE DENTIGERO, QUISTES, QUISTES ODONTOGENICOS