Composición y estructura de los manglares de borde, Puerto El Morro, provincia del Guayas, Ecuador.
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2021-03
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Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad de Guayaquil
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El manglar de borde está sometido diariamente a inundaciones donde predomina el género Rhizophora, cuyas especies se caracterizan por su gran desarrollo estructural atribuida a las grandes descargas de nutrientes y sedimentos aportados por la marea. El presente estudio analizó la composición y estructura de los manglares de borde en Puerto El Morro, Provincia del Guayas, se realizaron mediciones dasométricas con el fin de obtener el área basal y el volumen de los individuos, para caracterizar las especies de mangles presentes en esta área. Se estableció cuatro parcelas permanentes de 50x50 m2, dos fuera el canal El Morro y dos dentro del canal, se midió diámetro a la altura del pecho (DAP) y altura total (A), se identificó las especies de mangle en cada parcela, se analizó los datos obteniendo el área basal, volumen, índice de valor de importancia (IVI), índice de Shannon e índice de Simpson. Se concluye que la composición florística del manglar en Puerto El Morro está caracterizada por dos especies y un híbrido de mangles rojos en orden de representatividad estos son Rhizophora x harrisonii, R. racemosa y R. mangle. La estructura del manglar fuera del canal está constituida por R. x harrisonii y R. racemosa con un DAP de 10 a 39 cm y A de 9 a 22 m, dentro del canal por R. x harrisonii y R. racemosa con un DAP de 5 a 14 cm y A 6 a 12 m. Estos resultados indican que el híbrido R. x harrisonii es el taxón predominante entre los mangles rojos tanto al interior como al exterior del canal El Morro.
The mangrove fringe dominated by Rhizophora trees is subjected to daily flooding, these species are characterized by their great structural development achieved by rich discharges of nutrients and sediments provided by the tide. The present study analyzed the composition and structure of fringe mangroves in Puerto El Morro, Guayas Province, to characterize the mangrove species present in this area, dasometric measurements were made in order to obtain the basal area and the volume of individuals. Four permanent plots of 50x50 m2 were established, two off the mouth of ‘El Morro’ channel and two at the interior of it, within each plot the mangrove species were identified, two measurements were recorded for each individual, the diameter at breast height (DBH) and total height (H), the data were analyzed to obtain basal area, volume, importance value index (IVI), Shannon and Simpson index. The floristic composition of the mangrove fringe in Puerto El Morro is characterized by two species and one hybrid of red mangroves, those are Rhizophora x harrisonii, R. racemosa and R. mangle. The composition and structure of the mangrove off the channel is made up of R. x harrisonii and R. racemosa those have trunks of 10 to 39 cm DBH and 9 to 22 m H; at the interior of channel R. x harrisonii and R. racemosa have 5 to 14 cm DBH and 6 to 12 m H. These results suggest that the hybrid R. x harrisonii is the predominant taxon among red mangroves both inside and outside of El Morro channel.
The mangrove fringe dominated by Rhizophora trees is subjected to daily flooding, these species are characterized by their great structural development achieved by rich discharges of nutrients and sediments provided by the tide. The present study analyzed the composition and structure of fringe mangroves in Puerto El Morro, Guayas Province, to characterize the mangrove species present in this area, dasometric measurements were made in order to obtain the basal area and the volume of individuals. Four permanent plots of 50x50 m2 were established, two off the mouth of ‘El Morro’ channel and two at the interior of it, within each plot the mangrove species were identified, two measurements were recorded for each individual, the diameter at breast height (DBH) and total height (H), the data were analyzed to obtain basal area, volume, importance value index (IVI), Shannon and Simpson index. The floristic composition of the mangrove fringe in Puerto El Morro is characterized by two species and one hybrid of red mangroves, those are Rhizophora x harrisonii, R. racemosa and R. mangle. The composition and structure of the mangrove off the channel is made up of R. x harrisonii and R. racemosa those have trunks of 10 to 39 cm DBH and 9 to 22 m H; at the interior of channel R. x harrisonii and R. racemosa have 5 to 14 cm DBH and 6 to 12 m H. These results suggest that the hybrid R. x harrisonii is the predominant taxon among red mangroves both inside and outside of El Morro channel.
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COMPOSICIÓN, ESTRUCTURA, RHIZOPHORA MANGLE, RHIZOPHORA RACEMOSA, RHIZOPHORA X HARRISONII