Dimensionamiento de la red de Alcantarillado sanitario y planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales para la parroquia Mariscal Sucre del cantón Milagro provincia del Guayas
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2021-03
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Universidad de Guayaquil - Facultad Ciencias Matemáticas y Físicas- Carrera de Ingeniería Civil
Resumen
En la situación actual la Parroquia Mariscal Sucre es un lugar en el cual no existe un sistema de alcantarillado básico por lo que la población descarga sus aguas servidas directamente al rio Milagro o a pozos ciegos lo cual es una fuente de contaminación latente para el suelo que en su mayoría es de uso agrícola.
Se realizó el respectivo análisis de crecimiento población, aporte de aguas servidas para proceder al dimensionamiento de la red de alcantarillado sanitario, junto con el dimensionamiento de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales, todo esto con una proyección a 25 años. Esto se realizó mediante la aplicación de las normativas y conocimientos pertinentes al tema y con la ayuda de los softwares computacionales.
Con la topografía existente, se optó por los siguientes materiales que componen el sistema de alcantarillado, tuberías de PVC Novafort para los tirantes y para los colectores tanto primarios como secundarios se utilizarán Manholes de PVC y cajas domiciliarias del mismo material.
En los planos anexos de muestran los trazados finales de diseño para la red, siendo ésta compuesta por 8 colectores principales, 8 colectores secundarios y 433 cajas domiciliarias.
Para el caso de la planta se dimensionaron 3 etapas de tratamiento las cuales son un pre-tratamiento compuesto de una rejilla de 2.35m x 1.20m con varilla de 19.1 mmm o ¾” junto con dos desarenadores que hacen fluir el agua luego de la retención de los sólidos suspendidos hacia dos decantadores que pertenecen al tratamiento primario, y para terminar 2 lagunas de oxidación como tratamiento secundario.
In the current situation, Mariscal Sucre Parish is a place in which there is no basic sewerage system, so the population discharges its sewage directly into the Milagro River or into blind wells, which is a latent source of contamination for the soil that in most of it is for agricultural use. The respective analysis of population growth, contribution of sewage was carried out to proceed with the dimensioning of the sanitary sewer network, together with the dimensioning of the wastewater treatment plant, all this with a 25-year projection. This was done by applying the regulations and knowledge relevant to the subject and with the help of computer software. With the existing topography, the following materials were chosen that make up the sewer system, PVC Novafort pipes for the tie rods and for both primary and secondary collectors, PVC manholes and household boxes of the same material will be used. The attached drawings show the final design layouts for the network, which is made up of 8 main collectors, 8 secondary collectors and 433 residential boxes. In the case of the plant, 3 treatment stages were dimensioned, which are a pre-treatment composed of a 2.35m x 1.20m grid with a 19.1 mm or ¾” rod together with two grit traps that make the water flow after the retention of the suspended solids towards two decanters that belong to the primary treatment, and to finish 2 oxidation ponds as secondary treatment.
In the current situation, Mariscal Sucre Parish is a place in which there is no basic sewerage system, so the population discharges its sewage directly into the Milagro River or into blind wells, which is a latent source of contamination for the soil that in most of it is for agricultural use. The respective analysis of population growth, contribution of sewage was carried out to proceed with the dimensioning of the sanitary sewer network, together with the dimensioning of the wastewater treatment plant, all this with a 25-year projection. This was done by applying the regulations and knowledge relevant to the subject and with the help of computer software. With the existing topography, the following materials were chosen that make up the sewer system, PVC Novafort pipes for the tie rods and for both primary and secondary collectors, PVC manholes and household boxes of the same material will be used. The attached drawings show the final design layouts for the network, which is made up of 8 main collectors, 8 secondary collectors and 433 residential boxes. In the case of the plant, 3 treatment stages were dimensioned, which are a pre-treatment composed of a 2.35m x 1.20m grid with a 19.1 mm or ¾” rod together with two grit traps that make the water flow after the retention of the suspended solids towards two decanters that belong to the primary treatment, and to finish 2 oxidation ponds as secondary treatment.
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Palabras clave
ALCANTARILLADO, MANHOLE, NOVAFORT, TIRANTES, DECANTADOR