La vulneración de los derechos del trabajador en la modalidad del teletrabajo
Fecha
2021-04
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Universidad de Guayaquil, Facultad de Jurisprudencia Ciencias Sociales y Polìticas
Resumen
La modalidad del teletrabajo fue regulada legalmente, en Ecuador, desde el año 2016 a través de acuerdos emitidos por el Ministerio de Trabajo. Actualmente, junto con el derecho a la desconexión han sido temas recientemente implementados en el Código del Trabajo, a raíz de la emergencia sanitaria causada por el virus Covid-19, denominada así por la Organización Mundial de la Salud. En este país, el derecho a la desconexión se garantiza por un tiempo mínimo de doce horas, fuera de la jornada laboral, quedando ciertas horas restantes sin precisar si serán parte de la jornada laboral o del derecho a la desconexión, lo que podría prestarse a mal interpretar la idea del legislador, generando vulneraciones de derechos constitucionales, y afectando aspectos importantes dentro del ámbito laboral. De una investigación con un método cualitativo, a través de entrevista a profesionales del derecho, se determinará si la normativa vigente, respecto al derecho a la desconexión, vulnera de alguna forma, los derechos y principios de los teletrabajadores; de ser así, se propondrá una reforma en la normativa que la regule.
Telework, or remote work, became regulated in Ecuador in 2016 via ordinances from the Ministry of Labor. Given the public health emergency caused by the virus known as SARS-COV-2, telework laws, including the right to disconnect, have been implemented into the Work Code. In Ecuador, the right to disconnect guarantees workers a minimum of twelve hours of non-work-related engagement per day. While this seems generous, a legal gap exists to regulate work-related contact that falls beyond the normative telework day. Such vagueness not only affects essential aspects of the work environment but, of more concern, leaves the law open to interpretation and open to constitutional rights violations. A qualitative research study was conducted by interviewing labor rights professionals to determine if current regulations and the right to disconnect in its current form violate the rights of remote workers. Findings include recommendations to reform existing laws.
Telework, or remote work, became regulated in Ecuador in 2016 via ordinances from the Ministry of Labor. Given the public health emergency caused by the virus known as SARS-COV-2, telework laws, including the right to disconnect, have been implemented into the Work Code. In Ecuador, the right to disconnect guarantees workers a minimum of twelve hours of non-work-related engagement per day. While this seems generous, a legal gap exists to regulate work-related contact that falls beyond the normative telework day. Such vagueness not only affects essential aspects of the work environment but, of more concern, leaves the law open to interpretation and open to constitutional rights violations. A qualitative research study was conducted by interviewing labor rights professionals to determine if current regulations and the right to disconnect in its current form violate the rights of remote workers. Findings include recommendations to reform existing laws.
Descripción
Palabras clave
TELETRABAJO, DERECHO A LA DESCONEXIÓN, HORAS SUPLEMENTARIAS, JORNADA, DERECHO AL DESCANSO, DERECHO A LA SALUD, TRABAJO SALUDABLE