Efecto de la aplicación de dos abonos orgánicos, con Microorganismos eficientes en la producción de cacao CCN - 51 y su contribución económica en los productores agrícolas del recinto islas de río chico
Fecha
2020-11
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas.
Resumen
El presente experimento, se realizó en lotes de cacao variedad CCN-51, ubicados en el
recinto Isla de Rio Chico del Cantón Simón Bolívar provincia del Guayas, entre los meses
de enero del 2019 a junio del 2020, con el objetivo de determinar el efecto de la aplicación
de dos abonos orgánicos y su rendimiento en la producción de cacao, el primer abono es
mediante el cultivo de microorganismos eficientes, método Jadam; y el segundo abono, es
un fertilizante liquido orgánico, elaborado con leche de vaca, lenteja y sal en grano, para
aquello se utilizó el método experimental cuyas pruebas se realizaron en tres lotes; donde
se aplicaron nueve tratamientos diferenciados de fertilización orgánica, y tres repeticiones
en tanques de doscientos litros uno para cada lote cada seis meses, las dosis de los productos
aplicados fueron variadas en proporción y cantidades por cada lote. Los microorganismos
capturados fueron aplicados al suelo agrícola, mientras que el abono de leche con lenteja se
aplicó al tallo y ramas de las plantaciones de cacao. Los instrumentos fueron control de
fichas y libreta de campo. Para conocer sus resultados se realizaron evaluaciones
semestrales, por tres periodos seguidos, que permitieron conocer el rendimiento por cada
lote. Una vez terminado el periodo de experimento se determinó que las diferencias
significativas son mínimas, con los tres lotes de experimento que se les aplico abonos orgánicos
comparado con el de control o testigo que no se realizó ningún tratamiento; con relación al
rendimiento el lote tres fue el de mayor producción obteniendo un promedio de 9.3 qq
semestrales, representando mayores ingresos económicos, en comparación con el lote de
control o testigo sin tratamiento, donde su rendimiento promedio fue de 5qq semestrales.
The present experiment was carried out in batches of cocoa variety CCN-51, located in the Isla de Rio Chico area of the Cantón Simón Bolívar province of Guayas, between the months of January 2019 to June 2020, in order to determine the effect From the application of two organic fertilizers and their performance in cocoa production, the first fertilizer is through the cultivation of efficient microorganisms, Jadam method; and the second fertilizer is an organic liquid fertilizer, made with cow's milk, lentils and grain salt, for which the experimental method was used whose tests were carried out in three batches; where nine differentiated organic fertilization treatments were applied, and three repetitions in two hundred liter tanks, one for each batch every six months, the doses of the applied products were varied in proportion and quantities for each batch. The captured microorganisms were applied to the agricultural soil, while the lentil milk fertilizer was applied to the stem and branches of the cocoa plantations. The instruments were control of cards and field notebook. To know their results, semi-annual evaluations were carried out, for three consecutive periods, which allowed to know the performance of each batch. Once the experiment period was over, it was determined that the significant differences are minimal, with the three experimental batches that were applied organic fertilizers compared to the control or control that no treatment was carried out; Regarding the yield, batch three was the one with the highest production, obtaining an average of 9.3 qq per semester, representing higher economic income, compared to the control or control batch without treatment, where its average yield was 5qq per semester.
The present experiment was carried out in batches of cocoa variety CCN-51, located in the Isla de Rio Chico area of the Cantón Simón Bolívar province of Guayas, between the months of January 2019 to June 2020, in order to determine the effect From the application of two organic fertilizers and their performance in cocoa production, the first fertilizer is through the cultivation of efficient microorganisms, Jadam method; and the second fertilizer is an organic liquid fertilizer, made with cow's milk, lentils and grain salt, for which the experimental method was used whose tests were carried out in three batches; where nine differentiated organic fertilization treatments were applied, and three repetitions in two hundred liter tanks, one for each batch every six months, the doses of the applied products were varied in proportion and quantities for each batch. The captured microorganisms were applied to the agricultural soil, while the lentil milk fertilizer was applied to the stem and branches of the cocoa plantations. The instruments were control of cards and field notebook. To know their results, semi-annual evaluations were carried out, for three consecutive periods, which allowed to know the performance of each batch. Once the experiment period was over, it was determined that the significant differences are minimal, with the three experimental batches that were applied organic fertilizers compared to the control or control that no treatment was carried out; Regarding the yield, batch three was the one with the highest production, obtaining an average of 9.3 qq per semester, representing higher economic income, compared to the control or control batch without treatment, where its average yield was 5qq per semester.
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DEGRADACIÓN DE LOS SUELOS, PRODUCCIÓN AGROECOLÓGICA, BIOFERMENTOS LÍQUIDOS, MÉTODO JADAM