Evaluación de la calidad microbiológica del agua envasada para consumo humano, de venta informal en la Cooperativa Cisne II, 2020
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2021
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
Resumen
El agua envasada apta para consumo humano es aquella que se encuentra en recipientes apropiados, sin aditivos que modifiquen sus características organolépticas y su inocuidad. El agua es un recurso crucial para todos los seres humanos, siendo indispensable para la subsistencia de
la vida y puede provenir de diferentes fuentes, como: glaciares, manantiales, pozos, suministros de agua, entre otras. A pesar de que el agua envasada se considera segura e inocua, no son totalmente seguras para los consumidores. Es importante conocer los microorganismos patógenos y no patógenos, para poder definir los indicadores microbiológicos. Los microorganismos pueden ser introducidos al agua envasada por un mal procesamiento en el tratamiento o envasado. Las bacterias se pueden proliferar en periodos largos en el agua envasada, incluso en niveles más altos a los que se encuentran en las fuentes primarias. Entre los microorganismos patógenos causantes de enfermedades gastrointestinales por consumo de agua envasada contaminada tenemos: Pseudomona aeruginosa y Escherichia coli.
En el presente trabajo de investigación se quiere demostrar el cumplimiento de los requisitos microbiológicos de la NORMA INEN 2200: 2017 en aguas embotelladas expendidas informalmente en el sector Cisne II de Guayaquil. En los resultados obtenidos se pudo determinar que en las tres muestras analizadas de la muestra B identificadas como: n1, n2 y n3 se encuentran elevados los valores de Aerobios totales: 3.6x 102 UFC/ml, 4x 102 UFC/ml y 3x 102 UFC/ml respectivamente siendo un indicador de contaminación debido a que sobrepasan el límite máximo permitido de 1.0 x 102 UFC/ml
The bottled water suitable for human consumption is that which is found in appropriate containers, without additives that modify its organoleptic characteristics and its innocuousness. Water is a crucial resource for all human beings, being essential for the subsistence of life and can come from different sources, such as: glaciers, springs, wells, water supplies, among others. Although bottled water is considered safe and harmless, it is not completely safe for consumers. It is important to know the pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms, in order to define the microbiological indicators. Microorganisms can be introduced to bottled water by poor processing in treatment or packaging. Bacteria can grow for long periods in bottled water, even at levels higher than those found in primary sources. Among the pathogenic microorganisms that cause gastrointestinal diseases due to the consumption of contaminated bottled water we have: Pseudomona aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. In this research work we want to demonstrate compliance with the microbiological requirements of the INEN 2200: 2017 STANDARD in bottled waters informally dispensed in the Cisne II sector of Guayaquil. In the results obtained, it was possible to determine that in the three analyzed samples of the specimen B brand identified as: n1, n2 and n3, the total aerobic values are elevated: 3.6x 102 CFU / ml, 4x 102 CFU / ml and 3x 102 CFU / ml respectively being an indicator of contamination because they exceed the maximum allowed limit of 1.0 x 102 CFU / ml.
The bottled water suitable for human consumption is that which is found in appropriate containers, without additives that modify its organoleptic characteristics and its innocuousness. Water is a crucial resource for all human beings, being essential for the subsistence of life and can come from different sources, such as: glaciers, springs, wells, water supplies, among others. Although bottled water is considered safe and harmless, it is not completely safe for consumers. It is important to know the pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms, in order to define the microbiological indicators. Microorganisms can be introduced to bottled water by poor processing in treatment or packaging. Bacteria can grow for long periods in bottled water, even at levels higher than those found in primary sources. Among the pathogenic microorganisms that cause gastrointestinal diseases due to the consumption of contaminated bottled water we have: Pseudomona aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. In this research work we want to demonstrate compliance with the microbiological requirements of the INEN 2200: 2017 STANDARD in bottled waters informally dispensed in the Cisne II sector of Guayaquil. In the results obtained, it was possible to determine that in the three analyzed samples of the specimen B brand identified as: n1, n2 and n3, the total aerobic values are elevated: 3.6x 102 CFU / ml, 4x 102 CFU / ml and 3x 102 CFU / ml respectively being an indicator of contamination because they exceed the maximum allowed limit of 1.0 x 102 CFU / ml.
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ENFERMEDADES GASTROINTESTINALES, AGUA ENVASADA, MICROORGANISMOS PATÓGENOS