Factores que inciden en la prevalencia de neumonía en niños de 2 a 5 años del servicio de emergencia, Hospital Isidro Ayora
Fecha
2018-09
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Universidad de Guayaquil, Facultad de Ciencias Medicas, Carrera de Enfermería
Resumen
Varios son los gérmenes que pueden originar el desarrollo de la neumonía. Entre los
más frecuentes están las bacterias y los virus que se encuentran en el aire que se respira.
El sistema inmune del cuerpo humano evita que se infecte cuando este se encuentra alto,
en caso contrario se contaminará. En base a ello este trabajo de titulación tiene como
objeto de estudio determinar los factores sociodemográficos que influyen en el alto índice
de ingresos de niños con neumonía en el hospital Isidro Ayora de Loja. Para ello se hizo
uso del enfoque metodológico descriptivo, cuantitativo y transversal, teniendo como
población de estudio a por 65 padres de familia con hijos asilados en el servicio de
urgencia de la unidad hospitalaria. Como resultado se obtuvo que un 54% no poseen tiene
el esquema de vacunación completo de acuerdo a la edad del niño, un 58% está expuesto
al frio, siendo el 82% de economía baja, lo que conlleva a que no hagan atender
médicamente al niño un 80%, además de una alimentación no saludable. En conclusión,
como medida correctiva se propuso un plan estratégico direccionados a los padres con
cuidados preventivos para la Atención Primaria de Salud para poder disminuir el alto
índice de ingresos hospitalarios.
There are several germs that can cause the development of pneumonia. Among the most frequent are bacteria and viruses found in the air that is breathed. The immune system of the human body prevents it from becoming infected when it is high, otherwise it will be contaminated. Based on this, this titration work aims to study the sociodemographic factors that influence the high rate of admission of children with pneumonia at Isidro Ayora de Loja hospital. For this purpose, the descriptive, quantitative and transversal methodological approach was used, with a study population of 65 parents with children in the emergency department of the hospital unit. As a result, it was obtained that 54% do not have the complete vaccination scheme according to the age of the child, 58% are exposed to cold, 82% being of low economy, which means that they do not medically attend to the 80% child, in addition to unhealthy eating. In conclusion, as a corrective measure, a strategic plan aimed at parents with preventive care for Primary Health Care was proposed in order to reduce the high rate of hospital admissions.
There are several germs that can cause the development of pneumonia. Among the most frequent are bacteria and viruses found in the air that is breathed. The immune system of the human body prevents it from becoming infected when it is high, otherwise it will be contaminated. Based on this, this titration work aims to study the sociodemographic factors that influence the high rate of admission of children with pneumonia at Isidro Ayora de Loja hospital. For this purpose, the descriptive, quantitative and transversal methodological approach was used, with a study population of 65 parents with children in the emergency department of the hospital unit. As a result, it was obtained that 54% do not have the complete vaccination scheme according to the age of the child, 58% are exposed to cold, 82% being of low economy, which means that they do not medically attend to the 80% child, in addition to unhealthy eating. In conclusion, as a corrective measure, a strategic plan aimed at parents with preventive care for Primary Health Care was proposed in order to reduce the high rate of hospital admissions.
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Palabras clave
NEUMONIA, FACTORES DE RIESGO, NIÑOS DE 2 A 5 AÑOS