ANÁLISIS DE LOS EFECTOS PSICOLÓGICOS DEL AISLAMIENTO EN ADULTOS MAYORES DE 65 A 80 AÑOS DURANTE LA PANDEMIA POR COVID-19
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2021
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Universidad de Guayaquil -Facultad de Ciencias Psicológicas
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El presente análisis de caso se realizó a cuatro adultos mayores que se presentan en situación de aislamiento por el Covid 19 que se encuentren ubicados en la ciudad de Ancón desde el 25 de Noviembre hasta el 9 de Marzo. El objetivo del estudio fue el analizar los efectos psicológicos del aislamiento preventivo en adultos mayores de entre 65 y 80 años durante la pandemia Covid- 19 utilizando para ello la metodología del análisis de casos psicológicos, con un carácter cualitativo y cuantitativo y un enfoque cognitivo. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron: el Mini-Mental State Examination, la escala de calidad de vida WHOQOL-BREF, la escala de Ansiedad y Depresión de Goldberg, la escala de autoestima de Rossenberg y la prueba de percepción del funcionamiento familiar (FFSIL), además de entrevistas semiestructuradas. Partiendo del criterio de funcionalidad se establecieron referentes que sirvieron de orientación para analizar la estructura, dinámica y funcionamiento ante situaciones de crisis. Los indicadores que permitieron valorar al adulto mayor fueron: calidad de vida, autoestima y trastornos psicopatológicos. Los resultados mostraron que los adultos mayores manifestaban buena calidad de vida, se tuvo en cuenta la autoestima donde dos casos mostraban una autoestima normal y los otros dos presentaron una autoestima media y por ultimo dos casos mostraron un índice alto en ansiedad y un bajo nivel de depresión mientras que los otros dos casos se presentaron bajos en ansiedad y altos en depresión, se tuvo en cuenta que los resultados alcanzados son significativos en el análisis de los adultos mayores
This case study was carried out on four older adults in isolation due to Covid 19, located in the city of Ancón from 25 November to 9 March. The objective of the study was to analyse the psychological effects of preventive isolation in older adults between 65 and 80 years of age during the Covid-19 pandemic, using the methodology of psychological case analysis, with a qualitative and quantitative character and a cognitive approach. The instruments used were: the Mini-Mental State Examination, the WHOQOL-BREF quality of life scale, the Goldberg Anxiety and Depression scale, the Rossenberg self-esteem scale and the Family Functioning Perception Test (FFSIL), as well as semi-structured interviews. Based on the criterion of functionality, reference points were established that served as a guide to analyse the structure, dynamics and functioning in crisis situations. The indicators that made it possible to assess the older adults were: quality of life, self-esteem and psychopathological disorders. The results showed that the older adults showed a good quality of life, self-esteem was taken into account where two cases showed a normal self-esteem and the other two showed a medium self-esteem and finally two cases showed a high index in anxiety and a low level of depression while the other two cases showed low anxiety and high depression, it was taken into account that the results achieved are significant in the analysis of the older adults
This case study was carried out on four older adults in isolation due to Covid 19, located in the city of Ancón from 25 November to 9 March. The objective of the study was to analyse the psychological effects of preventive isolation in older adults between 65 and 80 years of age during the Covid-19 pandemic, using the methodology of psychological case analysis, with a qualitative and quantitative character and a cognitive approach. The instruments used were: the Mini-Mental State Examination, the WHOQOL-BREF quality of life scale, the Goldberg Anxiety and Depression scale, the Rossenberg self-esteem scale and the Family Functioning Perception Test (FFSIL), as well as semi-structured interviews. Based on the criterion of functionality, reference points were established that served as a guide to analyse the structure, dynamics and functioning in crisis situations. The indicators that made it possible to assess the older adults were: quality of life, self-esteem and psychopathological disorders. The results showed that the older adults showed a good quality of life, self-esteem was taken into account where two cases showed a normal self-esteem and the other two showed a medium self-esteem and finally two cases showed a high index in anxiety and a low level of depression while the other two cases showed low anxiety and high depression, it was taken into account that the results achieved are significant in the analysis of the older adults
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Efecto psicológico, adulto mayor y COVID-19