Estado actual de la agenesia en dentición permanente
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2021-09
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
Resumen
La agenesia dental es la ausencia parcial o total de piezas dentarias, es un síndrome
que se presenta en diversas poblaciones del mundo y genera múltiples consecuencias si su
diagnóstico no se realiza oportunamente, la ausencia congénita de dientes se puede producir
por insuficiencia celular de la cresta neural, o por falta de estímulo inductores primarios,
necesarios para la organogénesis. La falta de desarrollo dental es relativamente frecuente y
está asociada a factores hereditarios. El objetivo es dar a conocer cuál es la frecuencia con la
que se presenta la agenesia de las piezas permanentes. La metodología aplicada en el trabajo
de investigación es cualitativo, transversal y bibliográfico. Información obtenida de 35
documentos de investigación. Los resultaros son que la agenesia dental se presenta con mayor
frecuencia en los hombres en comparación a las mujeres y qué la edad en la cual se puede
determinar una agenesia dental es a los 15 años y en caso de terceros molares a los 25 si el
germen no se ha formado. La pieza dentaria con mayor frecuencia de agenesia es el tercer
molar superior en conclusión tenemos diferentes teorías sobre la etiología de la agenesia de las
piezas permanentes. Los síndromes en que más se presenta la anodoncia de las piezas
permanente son Displasia ectodérmica y síndrome de Down. Recomendaciones: El odontólogo
debe estar capacitado para poder comunicar al paciente la anomalía que presenta y así mismo
debe saber cómo actuar frente a una mal oclusión causada por agenesia de dientes
permanentes
Dental agenesis is the partial or total absence of teeth, it is a syndrome that occurs in various populations of the world and generates multiple consequences if its diagnosis is not made in a timely manner, the congenital absence of teeth can be produced by cellular insufficiency of the neural crest, or by lack of primary inducing stimulus, necessary for organogenesis. The lack of dental development is relatively frequent and is associated with hereditary factors. The objective of this study is to determine the frequency with which agenesis of permanent teeth occurs. The methodology applied in the research work is qualitative, crosssectional and bibliographic. Information obtained from 35 research documents. The results are that dental agenesis occurs more frequently in men than in women and that the age at which dental agenesis can be determined is at 15 years of age and in the case of third molars at 25 years of age if the germ has not formed. The tooth with the highest frequency of agenesis is the upper third molar in conclusion we have different theories about the etiology of the agenesis of permanent teeth. The syndromes in which anodontia of permanent teeth is most frequently presented are ectodermal dysplasia and Down syndrome. Recommendations: The dentist should be trained to be able to communicate to the patient the anomaly presented and should also know how to act when faced with malocclusion caused by agenesis of permanent teeth. Keywords: agenesis, absence, anodontia, etiological factors
Dental agenesis is the partial or total absence of teeth, it is a syndrome that occurs in various populations of the world and generates multiple consequences if its diagnosis is not made in a timely manner, the congenital absence of teeth can be produced by cellular insufficiency of the neural crest, or by lack of primary inducing stimulus, necessary for organogenesis. The lack of dental development is relatively frequent and is associated with hereditary factors. The objective of this study is to determine the frequency with which agenesis of permanent teeth occurs. The methodology applied in the research work is qualitative, crosssectional and bibliographic. Information obtained from 35 research documents. The results are that dental agenesis occurs more frequently in men than in women and that the age at which dental agenesis can be determined is at 15 years of age and in the case of third molars at 25 years of age if the germ has not formed. The tooth with the highest frequency of agenesis is the upper third molar in conclusion we have different theories about the etiology of the agenesis of permanent teeth. The syndromes in which anodontia of permanent teeth is most frequently presented are ectodermal dysplasia and Down syndrome. Recommendations: The dentist should be trained to be able to communicate to the patient the anomaly presented and should also know how to act when faced with malocclusion caused by agenesis of permanent teeth. Keywords: agenesis, absence, anodontia, etiological factors
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Palabras clave
AGENESIA DENTAL, ANODONCIA, ETIOLOGIA