Riesgo de complicaciones perinatales en embarazadas con periodontitis
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2021-09
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
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La periodontitis materna puede reflejar un rasgo inflamatorio intrínseco que puede iniciar o exacerbarse durante el embarazo lo cual proporciona un complejo infeccioso microbiano suficiente para generar efectos perjudiciales en la gestante y en el feto. Objetivo: proponer estrategias que contribuyen en el embarazo de los riesgos de complicaciones perinatales en embarazadas con periodontitis. Se aplicó una metodología científica exploratoria, bibliográfica, descriptiva, sistemática y analítica de fuentes extraídas por internet relacionados con los factores de riesgos que empeoran la salud oral durante el embarazo, que pueden inducir la aparición de la enfermedad periodontal, los cuales contribuyen en el riesgo de complicaciones neonatales como parto prematuro, bajo peso al nacer y resultados adversos como la preeclampsia. De acuerdo con las referencias encontradas se plantea educar y prevenir a la gestante sobre la importancia de la salud oral, las manifestaciones orales que ocurren durante el embarazo, la higiene oral eficiente y el control de placa bacteriana. Asimismo, motivar a la gestante en la visita rutinaria al odontólogo como parte del manejo integral brindando tratamiento oportuno de acuerdo con el periodo trimestral que se encuentre la gestante. Se puede concluir que la enfermedad periodontal actúa como factor de riesgo para el parto prematuro al aumentar las respuestas inflamatorias locales y sistémicas por lo cual es necesario proporcionar métodos preventivos e intervenciones terapéuticas para tratar la enfermedad periodontal durante el embarazo con el fin de reducir los resultados adversos del embarazo.
Maternal periodontitis may reflect an intrinsic inflammatory trait that can be initiated or exacerbated during pregnancy which provides a microbial infectious complex sufficient to generate detrimental effects on the pregnant woman and the fetus. Objective: to propose strategies that contribute to reduce the risk of perinatal complications in pregnant women with periodontitis during pregnancy. An exploratory, bibliographic, descriptive, descriptive, systematic and analytical scientific methodology was applied to sources extracted from the internet related to risk factors that worsen oral health during pregnancy, which can induce the appearance of periodontal disease, which contribute to the risk of neonatal complications such as premature delivery, low birth weight and adverse outcomes such as preeclampsia. According to the references found, it is proposed to educate and prevent the pregnant woman about the importance of oral health, oral manifestations that occur during pregnancy, efficient oral hygiene and plaque control. Likewise, to motivate the pregnant woman to visit the dentist routinely as part of the integral management, providing timely treatment according to the trimestral period of the pregnancy. It can be concluded that periodontal disease acts as a risk factor for preterm delivery by increasing local and systemic inflammatory responses, so it is necessary to provide preventive methods and therapeutic interventions to treat periodontal disease during pregnancy in order to reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Maternal periodontitis may reflect an intrinsic inflammatory trait that can be initiated or exacerbated during pregnancy which provides a microbial infectious complex sufficient to generate detrimental effects on the pregnant woman and the fetus. Objective: to propose strategies that contribute to reduce the risk of perinatal complications in pregnant women with periodontitis during pregnancy. An exploratory, bibliographic, descriptive, descriptive, systematic and analytical scientific methodology was applied to sources extracted from the internet related to risk factors that worsen oral health during pregnancy, which can induce the appearance of periodontal disease, which contribute to the risk of neonatal complications such as premature delivery, low birth weight and adverse outcomes such as preeclampsia. According to the references found, it is proposed to educate and prevent the pregnant woman about the importance of oral health, oral manifestations that occur during pregnancy, efficient oral hygiene and plaque control. Likewise, to motivate the pregnant woman to visit the dentist routinely as part of the integral management, providing timely treatment according to the trimestral period of the pregnancy. It can be concluded that periodontal disease acts as a risk factor for preterm delivery by increasing local and systemic inflammatory responses, so it is necessary to provide preventive methods and therapeutic interventions to treat periodontal disease during pregnancy in order to reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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ENFERMEDADES PERIODONTALES, EMBARAZO, PARTO PREMATURO