Caracterización morfológica de clones de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) nacional centenario, en el cantón Yaguachi, provincia del Guayas.
No hay miniatura disponible
Fecha
2021
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
El presente trabajo de investigación “Caracterización morfológica de
clones de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) Nacional centenario, en el cantón
Yaguach i, provincia del Guayas”, se realizó en la Estación Experimental
Litoral Sur del INIAP tuvo como objetivo específico identificar grupos
morfológicamente iguales dentro de los clones de Cacao y identificar las
mejores variables cuantitativa y cualitativa. Para lograr este propósito se
caracterizó 20 clones de cacao a través de los componentes del fruto,
semillas, flores y hojas los cuales pueden llegar a mostrar variaciones
sign ificativas entre los clones. Los clones estudiados fueron CCNC-265,
CCNC-293, CCNC-133, CCNC-288, CCNC-203, CCNC-031, CCNC-009,
CCNC-005, CCNC-277, CCNC-150, CCNC-038, CCNC-359 y utilizando
como testigos a los sigu ientes clones EET-544, EET-103, EET-558, EET-96,
EETP-800, EETP-801, CCN-51, ICS 95. Donde según los resu ltados
obten idos se formaron tres grupos mediante el agrupamiento jerárqu ico de
Ward, en el grupo 1 reun ió el mayor número de accesiones representando el
40% de variabilidad en este agrupamiento se encuentran materiales
exclusivos de la colección de Cacao Nacional Centenario. E l grupo 2 reun i ó
7 accesiones 4 de ellos son conocidos como cacao tipo nacional
pertenecientes a la colección nacional y con ellos se agruparon 3 materi a l es
de la colección de Cacao Nacional Centenario que se acercan por tener
características similares. Y finalmente en el grupo 3 reúnen 5 accesiones
representando la menor variabilidad con el 25%. Las variables cuantitativas
con mayor poder discriminatorio fueron: largo del fruto cm, ancho del fruto en
cm y peso total de semillas en gr.
The present research work titled "Morphological characterization of cacao clones (Theobroma cacao L.) National centenary, in Yaguachi canton, Guayas province", was conducted at the Litoral Sur Experimental Station of INIAP institute. Its specific aim was to identify morphologically equal groups with in the Cacao clones and pinpoint the best quantitative and qualitative variables. To attain the setting goals, 20 cocoa clones were characterized through the components of the fru it, seeds, flowers and leaves, wh ich can show sign ificant variations between the clones. The clones under study were CCNC-265, CCNC-293, CCNC-133, CCNC-288, CCNC-203, CCNC-031, CCNC-009, CCNC-005, CCNC-277, CCNC-150, CCNC-038, CCNC- 359 and using the following clones EET-544, EET-103, EET-558, EET-96, EETP800, EETP-801, CCN-51, ICS 95 as controls. In accordance with the outcomes obtained, three groups were formed by Ward's h ierarch ical grouping, in group 1 it was gathered the h ighest number of accessions representing 40% of variability of it, there are exclusive materials from the Cacao Nacional Centenario collection. Group 2 gathered 7 accessions, 4 of them are known as national type cacao belonging to the national collection, and with them, 3 materials from the Centenn ial National Cacao collection were grouped, wh ich are alike for having similar characteristics. Finally, in group 3, 5 accessions were gathered, wh ich represent the lowest variability with 25%. The quantitative variables with the h ighest discriminatory power were: fru it length in cm, fru it width in cm and total weight of seeds in gr.
The present research work titled "Morphological characterization of cacao clones (Theobroma cacao L.) National centenary, in Yaguachi canton, Guayas province", was conducted at the Litoral Sur Experimental Station of INIAP institute. Its specific aim was to identify morphologically equal groups with in the Cacao clones and pinpoint the best quantitative and qualitative variables. To attain the setting goals, 20 cocoa clones were characterized through the components of the fru it, seeds, flowers and leaves, wh ich can show sign ificant variations between the clones. The clones under study were CCNC-265, CCNC-293, CCNC-133, CCNC-288, CCNC-203, CCNC-031, CCNC-009, CCNC-005, CCNC-277, CCNC-150, CCNC-038, CCNC- 359 and using the following clones EET-544, EET-103, EET-558, EET-96, EETP800, EETP-801, CCN-51, ICS 95 as controls. In accordance with the outcomes obtained, three groups were formed by Ward's h ierarch ical grouping, in group 1 it was gathered the h ighest number of accessions representing 40% of variability of it, there are exclusive materials from the Cacao Nacional Centenario collection. Group 2 gathered 7 accessions, 4 of them are known as national type cacao belonging to the national collection, and with them, 3 materials from the Centenn ial National Cacao collection were grouped, wh ich are alike for having similar characteristics. Finally, in group 3, 5 accessions were gathered, wh ich represent the lowest variability with 25%. The quantitative variables with the h ighest discriminatory power were: fru it length in cm, fru it width in cm and total weight of seeds in gr.
Descripción
Palabras clave
caracterización, Variabilidad, Cacao, Accesiones, Grupos