Caracterización y evaluación de humus de lombriz (Eisenia foteida) obtenido a partir de tres tipos de alimentación en el cantón Quinsaloma, provincia de Los Ríos
Fecha
2021
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Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo caracterizar y evaluar el humus de
lombriz californiana (Eisenia foetida) obtenido a partir de tres tipos de alimentación
en el cantón Quinsaloma, provincia de Los Ríos. El ensayo se llevó a cabo en la
finca “Tres hermanos” recinto La Lorena del cantón Quinsaloma, provincia de Los
Ríos. Se estudiaron cuatro tratamientos: T1: Estiércol de ganado (100%); T2:
Moringa (50%) + Estiércol de ganado (50%); T3: Raquis de banano (50%) +
Estiércol de ganado (50%) y T4: Hortalizas (50%) + Estiércol de ganado (50%). Se
tomaron datos de: número de días a la descomposición, temperatura, humedad,
peso del sustrato, pH, contenido de materia orgánica, macro y micronutrientes, y se
finalizó con la relación beneficio/costo. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que el
sustrato Raquis de banano (50%) + Estiércol de ganado (50%) permitió obtener
vermicompost en menor tiempo (69.67 días), con un peso final del sustrato de 13.07
kg, pH de 7.53, temperatura de 23.43 °C y humedad de 75.23%. Se obtuvo
vermicompost de mayor contenido de N con Moringa (50%) + Estiércol de ganado
(50%), con 3.0%, mientras que, para P y K, en Estiércol de ganado (100%) se
obtuvo vermicompost con contenidos de 4.8 y 3.9%, respectivamente, y para los
macronutrientes secundarios y micronutrientes, fue mayor en Estiércol de ganado
(100%), en ausencia de diferencias significativas con los demás tratamientos. El
tratamiento Moringa (50%) + Estiércol de ganado (50%), permitió obtener mayor
cantidad de humus de lombriz (14.23 kg), con una rentabilidad de 21.51 %.
The present research aimed to characterize and evaluate the Californian worm humus (Eisenia foetida) obtained from three types of food in the Quinsaloma canton, Los Ríos province. The test was carried out at the “Tres Hermanos” farm, La Lorena area, in the Quinsaloma canton, Los Ríos province. Four treatments were studied: T1: Cattle manure (100%); T2: Moringa (50%) + Cattle manure (50%); T3: Banana rachis (50%) + Cattle manure (50%) and T4: Vegetables (50%) + Cattle manure (50%). Data were taken on: number of days to decomposition, temperature, humidity, substrate weight, pH, content of organic matter, macro and micronutrients, and the benefit / cost ratio was finalized. The results obtained show that the substrate Banana raquis (50%) + Cattle manure (50%) allowed to obtain vermicompost in less time (69.67 days), with a final substrate weight of 13.07 kg, pH of 7.53, temperature of 23.43 ° C and humidity of 75.23%. Vermicompost with a higher N content was obtained with Moringa (50%) + Cattle manure (50%), with 3.0%, while, for P and K, in Cattle manure (100%) vermicompost with contents of 4.8 and 3.9%, respectively, and for secondary macronutrients and micronutrients, it was higher in Cattle manure (100%), in the absence of significant differences with the other treatments. The Moringa treatment (50%) + Cattle manure (50%), allowed to obtain a greater quantity of worm humus (14.23 kg), with a profitability of 21.51%.
The present research aimed to characterize and evaluate the Californian worm humus (Eisenia foetida) obtained from three types of food in the Quinsaloma canton, Los Ríos province. The test was carried out at the “Tres Hermanos” farm, La Lorena area, in the Quinsaloma canton, Los Ríos province. Four treatments were studied: T1: Cattle manure (100%); T2: Moringa (50%) + Cattle manure (50%); T3: Banana rachis (50%) + Cattle manure (50%) and T4: Vegetables (50%) + Cattle manure (50%). Data were taken on: number of days to decomposition, temperature, humidity, substrate weight, pH, content of organic matter, macro and micronutrients, and the benefit / cost ratio was finalized. The results obtained show that the substrate Banana raquis (50%) + Cattle manure (50%) allowed to obtain vermicompost in less time (69.67 days), with a final substrate weight of 13.07 kg, pH of 7.53, temperature of 23.43 ° C and humidity of 75.23%. Vermicompost with a higher N content was obtained with Moringa (50%) + Cattle manure (50%), with 3.0%, while, for P and K, in Cattle manure (100%) vermicompost with contents of 4.8 and 3.9%, respectively, and for secondary macronutrients and micronutrients, it was higher in Cattle manure (100%), in the absence of significant differences with the other treatments. The Moringa treatment (50%) + Cattle manure (50%), allowed to obtain a greater quantity of worm humus (14.23 kg), with a profitability of 21.51%.
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Palabras clave
Compostaje, Hortalizas, Moringa, Raquis de banano, Residuos