Estudio de factibilidad de la seguridad para el desarrollo de un prototipo Web de voto electrónico en la Universidad de Guayaquil.
Fecha
2021-09
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Matemáticas y Físicas. Carrera de Ingeniería en Sistemas Computacionales.
Resumen
El presente proyecto tiene como finalidad el estudio de factibilidad de la seguridad de un sistema de votación electrónica, mediante el desarrollo de un prototipo web seguro, dirigido a los estudiantes, docentes y personal administrativo de la Universidad de Guayaquil. Este trabajo surgio de la necesidad de automatizar los procesos electorales debido a la pandemia, pero según previas investigaciones se concluyo que es un sistema crítico ya que en algunos países como Bélgica, Brasil, EE. UU, entre otros que han implementado el voto electrónico, no les ha ido bien, por ello continúan buscando la manera de fortalecer la seguridad en estos sistemas. En el Ecuador durante varios años los procesos electorales se han desarrollado de manera manual; sin embargo, algunas Universidades han optado por la implementación de un sistema electrónico, considerando que es un avance tecnológico y beneficioso. Este proyecto hace uso de dos metodologías la de investigación, donde se escogió la exploratoria, la cual consiste en investigar un tema que necesita ser esclarecido y la de desarrollo donde se usó una metodología ágil basada en SCRUM, adicionalmente para la seguridad del sistema se escogió la tecnología Blockchain, ya que es una de las herramientas más completa en relación con las estudiadas en esta investigación, esto debido a que almacenan la información en bloques encadenados, además su red es descentralizada lo que significa que no hay un ente controlador, sino solo nodos verificadores que se encuentran constantemente validando la información del sistema lo que da mayor confianza al usuario. Concluyendo que el presente estudio sobre el voto virtual en la Universidad de Guayaquil tendría buena acogida, ya que según los datos recolectados en este proyecto el 72% indicó que debería implementarse el voto electrónico y el 70% consideró que si se implementa este sistema aumentará el interés en los votantes.
The purpose of this project is to study the feasibility of the security of an electronic voting system, through the development of a secure web prototype, aimed at students, teachers and administrative staff of the University of Guayaquil. This work arose from the need to automate electoral processes due to the pandemic, but according to previous investigations it was concluded that it is a critical system since in some countries such as Belgium, Brazil, the United States, among others that have implemented electronic voting, They have not done well, so they continue to look for a way to strengthen security in these systems. In Ecuador for several years the electoral processes have been developed manually; however, some universities have opted for the implementation of an electronic system, considering it to be a technological and beneficial advance. This project makes use of two methodologies: the research one, where the exploratory one was chosen, which consists of investigating a topic that needs to be clarified and the development one where an agile methodology based on SCRUM was used, additionally for the security of the system it was chosen Blockchain technology, since it is one of the most complete tools in relation to those studied in this research, this because they store the information in chained blocks, in addition its network is decentralized which means that there is no controlling entity, but only Verifier nodes that are constantly validating the information of the system which gives greater confidence to the user. Concluding that the present study on virtual voting at the University of Guayaquil would be well received, since according to the data collected in this project, 72% indicated that electronic voting should be implemented and 70% considered that if this system is implemented, the interest in voters.
The purpose of this project is to study the feasibility of the security of an electronic voting system, through the development of a secure web prototype, aimed at students, teachers and administrative staff of the University of Guayaquil. This work arose from the need to automate electoral processes due to the pandemic, but according to previous investigations it was concluded that it is a critical system since in some countries such as Belgium, Brazil, the United States, among others that have implemented electronic voting, They have not done well, so they continue to look for a way to strengthen security in these systems. In Ecuador for several years the electoral processes have been developed manually; however, some universities have opted for the implementation of an electronic system, considering it to be a technological and beneficial advance. This project makes use of two methodologies: the research one, where the exploratory one was chosen, which consists of investigating a topic that needs to be clarified and the development one where an agile methodology based on SCRUM was used, additionally for the security of the system it was chosen Blockchain technology, since it is one of the most complete tools in relation to those studied in this research, this because they store the information in chained blocks, in addition its network is decentralized which means that there is no controlling entity, but only Verifier nodes that are constantly validating the information of the system which gives greater confidence to the user. Concluding that the present study on virtual voting at the University of Guayaquil would be well received, since according to the data collected in this project, 72% indicated that electronic voting should be implemented and 70% considered that if this system is implemented, the interest in voters.
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Palabras clave
Voto electrónico, Seguridad informática, Blockchain, Dapp, Ethereum, Open Source, Electronic voting, Informatic security