El impacto ambiental por utilización de agroquímicos en la producción agrícola, en el cantón Santa Lucía.
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2022-01
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas
Resumen
El presente trabajo tiene por objeto analizar el impacto ambiental por utilización de agroquímicos en la producción agrícola, en el cantón Santa Lucia. Para lograr el objetivo se utilizaron diferentes instrumentos de recolección de información, tales como: encuestas aleatorias a las UPAS, entrevistas individuales, grupos focales, visita a entidades gubernamentales y autónomas. La muestra estuvo conformada por 70 UPAS, de 29 recintos del Cantón Santa Lucia. Como resultado se obtuvo que la población no conoce las practicas adecuadas en cuanto al tratamiento y posterior desechos de los envases vacíos de los plaguicidas utilizados en la actividad agrícola, ocasionando contaminación ambiental tanto del suelo, como del agua, ya que no se está realizando el triple lavado y al desecharlos incorrectamente (en el carro recolector, dejándolos en las plantaciones, quemándolos o enterrándolos), se desprenden los residuos y gases tóxicos al ambiente; además de la poca practica al usar equipos de protección al momento de mezclar y aplicación del pesticida, causando en los agricultores enfermedades o intoxicación. Como propuesta se ha planteado gestionar capacitaciones en colaboración con instituciones aliadas, creación de pequeños Centros de acopio de envases vacíos de plaguicidas y posterior recolección por parte del organismo regulador para su disposición final.
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the environmental impact of the use of agrochemicals in agricultural production, in the Santa Lucia canton. To achieve the objective, different data collection instruments were used, such as: random surveys of the UPAS, individual interviews, focus groups, visits to government and autonomous entities. The sample consisted of 70 UPAS, from 29 precincts of the Santa Lucia Canton. As a result, it was obtained that the population does not know the appropriate practices regarding the treatment and subsequent disposal of empty containers of pesticides used in agricultural activity, causing environmental contamination of both the soil and the water, since the treatment is not being carried out. triple washing and disposing of them incorrectly (in the collection car, leaving them in the plantations, burning them or burying them), waste and toxic gases are released into the environment; in addition to the little practice of wearing protective equipment when mixing and applying the pesticide, causing illness or intoxication in farmers. As a proposal, it has been proposed to manage training in collaboration with allied institutions, creation of small collection centers for empty pesticide containers and subsequent collection by the regulatory body for final disposal.
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the environmental impact of the use of agrochemicals in agricultural production, in the Santa Lucia canton. To achieve the objective, different data collection instruments were used, such as: random surveys of the UPAS, individual interviews, focus groups, visits to government and autonomous entities. The sample consisted of 70 UPAS, from 29 precincts of the Santa Lucia Canton. As a result, it was obtained that the population does not know the appropriate practices regarding the treatment and subsequent disposal of empty containers of pesticides used in agricultural activity, causing environmental contamination of both the soil and the water, since the treatment is not being carried out. triple washing and disposing of them incorrectly (in the collection car, leaving them in the plantations, burning them or burying them), waste and toxic gases are released into the environment; in addition to the little practice of wearing protective equipment when mixing and applying the pesticide, causing illness or intoxication in farmers. As a proposal, it has been proposed to manage training in collaboration with allied institutions, creation of small collection centers for empty pesticide containers and subsequent collection by the regulatory body for final disposal.
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CONTAMINACIÓN AMBIENTAL, PLAGUICIDAS, RESIDUOS TÓCIXOS, MANEJO DE DESECHOS
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