Estudio bibliográfico sobre la acción farmacológica y actividad antioxidante de Inonotus obliquus (Chaga)
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2021
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
Resumen
Inonotus obliquus es un hongo poliporáceo usado en países del Este de Europa por sus propiedades medicinales desde hace cientos de años. Se hace una revisión de lo publicado con anterioridad sobre este hongo en la literatura, en relación con aspectos farmacológicos y su actividad antioxidante.
El sistema antioxidante se encarga de proteger los tejidos atrapando los radicales libres, interviniendo en los pasos de iniciación, propagación o finalización de procesos oxidativos. Es necesario su reemplazo constante por medio de la ingesta en la alimentación. Los hongos han demostrado poseer actividad antioxidante pues cuentan con una amplia variedad de moléculas secuestrantes de radicales libres como polisacáridos y polifenoles.
El cáncer es producto del estrés oxidativo de las células y es por esa razón que se ha utilizado este hongo para tratarlo durante siglos. Los polisacáridos presentes en este hongo actúan de manera efectiva para inhibir el crecimiento de los tumores a la vez que modula la respuesta inmune ante ellos.
Se evaluó la actividad antioxidante en contra del radical libre DPPH y ABTS encontrando valores IC50 de 4.62 ug/ml y 94.3 ug/ml, respectivamente a partir del extracto metanólico e identificando compuestos triterpenoides y esteroides. Por otra parte, Zhao cuantificó fenoles totales a partir de un extracto metanólico dando como resultado 61.2 ± 3.8 mg EAG/g.
Inonotus obliquus is a polyporaceous mushroom used in Eastern European countries for its medicinal properties for hundreds of years. A review is made of what was previously published on this fungus in the literature, in relation to pharmacological aspects and its antioxidant activity. The antioxidant system is responsible for protecting tissues by trapping free radicals, intervening in the initiation, propagation or termination steps of oxidative processes. It is necessary its constant replacement through the intake in the diet. Mushrooms have been shown to have antioxidant activity as they have a wide variety of free radical scavenging molecules such as polysaccharides and polyphenols. Cancer is the product of oxidative stress in cells and it is for this reason that this fungus has been used to treat it for centuries. Well, the polysaccharides present in this fungus act effectively to inhibit the growth of tumors while modulating the immune response to them. The antioxidant activity against the free radical DPPH and ABTS was evaluated, finding IC50 values of 4.62 ug / ml and 94.3 ug / ml, respectively from the methanolic extract and identifying triterpenoid and steroid compounds. On the other hand, Zhao quantified total phenols from a methanolic extract resulting in 61.2 ± 3.8 mg EAG / g.
Inonotus obliquus is a polyporaceous mushroom used in Eastern European countries for its medicinal properties for hundreds of years. A review is made of what was previously published on this fungus in the literature, in relation to pharmacological aspects and its antioxidant activity. The antioxidant system is responsible for protecting tissues by trapping free radicals, intervening in the initiation, propagation or termination steps of oxidative processes. It is necessary its constant replacement through the intake in the diet. Mushrooms have been shown to have antioxidant activity as they have a wide variety of free radical scavenging molecules such as polysaccharides and polyphenols. Cancer is the product of oxidative stress in cells and it is for this reason that this fungus has been used to treat it for centuries. Well, the polysaccharides present in this fungus act effectively to inhibit the growth of tumors while modulating the immune response to them. The antioxidant activity against the free radical DPPH and ABTS was evaluated, finding IC50 values of 4.62 ug / ml and 94.3 ug / ml, respectively from the methanolic extract and identifying triterpenoid and steroid compounds. On the other hand, Zhao quantified total phenols from a methanolic extract resulting in 61.2 ± 3.8 mg EAG / g.
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ACTIVIDAD ANTIOXIDANTE, HONGOS MEDICINALES, INONOTUS OBLIQUUS (CHAGA)