Análisis bibliográfico del uso de colorantes de cáscara de pitahaya roja (Hylocereus undatus) frente a colorantes sintéticos
Fecha
2021
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
Resumen
El presente trabajo, se basa en la problemática de analizar la incidencia del uso de colorantes naturales obtenidos de la cascara de la pitahaya roja (Hylocereus Undatus), frente al usos desmedidos de colorantes sintéticos. Para el desarrollo de esta investigación se evaluaron 5 métodos de extracción reflejando los siguientes porcentajes de rendimiento: Maceración con etanol 25°C, pH 4,8 (40.36%); Maceración acuosa 25°C, pH 5,0 (22.58%); Maceración con metanol
25°C, pH 5,0 (10.14%); Deshidratado o secado 25°C, pH 4,5 - 5,5 (6%) de pigmento en polvo; Extracción por ultrasonido 100°C, pH 3,0 - 7,0 (10 min)(
0,0613g). Los valores obtenidos indican que la estabilidad en medio alcohólicos y acuoso se incrementa al aumentar los valores de pH y un comportamiento inverso en medio acuoso, indicando que la mayor degradación del pigmento ocurre a la temperatura de 60 °C a pH 8, la mayor estabilidad se alcanza a la temperatura de 4°C a pH 3 ó 5. siendo este un proceso eficaz y prometedor para la obtención de un buen colorante natural.
The present work is based on the problem of analyzing the incidence of the use of natural colorants obtained from the skin of the red dragon fruit (Hylocereus Undatus), compared to the excessive use of synthetic colorants. For the development of this research, 5 extraction methods were evaluated reflecting the following yield percentages: Maceration with ethanol 25 ° C, pH 4.8 (40.36%); Aqueous maceration 25 ° C, pH 5.0 (22.58%); Maceration with methanol 25 ° C, pH 5.0 (10.14%); Dehydrated or dried 25 ° C, pH 4.5 - 5.5 (6%) of powdered pigment; Ultrasonic extraction 100 ° C, pH 3.0 - 7.0 (10 min) (0.0613g). The values obtained indicate that the stability in alcoholic and aqueous media increases with increasing pH values and an inverse behavior in aqueous media, indicating that the greatest degradation of the pigment occurs at a temperature of 60 ° C at pH 8, the greatest stability it is reached at a temperature of 4 ° C at pH 3 or 5. this being an efficient and promising process for obtaining a good natural colorant.
The present work is based on the problem of analyzing the incidence of the use of natural colorants obtained from the skin of the red dragon fruit (Hylocereus Undatus), compared to the excessive use of synthetic colorants. For the development of this research, 5 extraction methods were evaluated reflecting the following yield percentages: Maceration with ethanol 25 ° C, pH 4.8 (40.36%); Aqueous maceration 25 ° C, pH 5.0 (22.58%); Maceration with methanol 25 ° C, pH 5.0 (10.14%); Dehydrated or dried 25 ° C, pH 4.5 - 5.5 (6%) of powdered pigment; Ultrasonic extraction 100 ° C, pH 3.0 - 7.0 (10 min) (0.0613g). The values obtained indicate that the stability in alcoholic and aqueous media increases with increasing pH values and an inverse behavior in aqueous media, indicating that the greatest degradation of the pigment occurs at a temperature of 60 ° C at pH 8, the greatest stability it is reached at a temperature of 4 ° C at pH 3 or 5. this being an efficient and promising process for obtaining a good natural colorant.
Descripción
Pdf
Palabras clave
MÉTODOS DE EXTRACCIÓN, ESTABILIDAD, BETALAÍNAS, BETACIANINAS, PIGMENTO NATURAL