Protocolos de tratamiento de la avulsión dental en dientes permanentes
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2022-04
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
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La avulsión dental es la expulsión completa del diente de su alvéolo, ocasionando daño en los tejidos adyacentes; las fibras del ligamento periodontal y el paquete vasculonervioso se rompen, también se compromete el cemento y el hueso alveolar. El diente que en su mayoría se avulsiona es el incisivo central superior, en ambas denticiones; el tratamiento ideal es la reimplantación inmediata en dientes permanentes. Lo principal es la correcta manipulación del diente y sobre todo la utilización de un medio de almacenamiento óptimo para conservar la viabilidad de las células del LPD mientras el paciente acude al centro odontológico más cercano. Posterior al reimplante, se coloca férula flexible para lograr que las fibras del ligamento periodontal se vuelvan a formar y así brinden sostén al diente. El objetivo determinar los protocolos de tratamiento de la avulsión dental en dientes permanentes. La investigación tiene una metodología de tipo bibliográfica con enfoque cualitativo, exploratorio, documental analítico e histórico. Análisis de resultados, se realizó mediante la recopilación de datos, revisión de artículos científicos y el análisis de diferentes fuentes bibliográficas; los resultados obtenidos demuestran que el manejo clínico adecuado e inmediato frente a una avulsión dental es el factor principal para un buen pronóstico. Conclusión: la avulsión dental es un tipo de traumatismo común en niños y debe ser atendido de manera urgente y oportuna por parte del odontólogo y familiar del paciente para garantizar un pronóstico favorable de la pieza dental
Dental avulsion, which is the complete expulsion of the tooth from its alveolus, causing damage to the adjacent tissues; the fibers of the periodontal ligament and the neurovascular bundle are broken, the cementum and alveolar bone are also compromised. The tooth that is mostly avulsed is the maxillary central incisor, in both dentitions; the ideal treatment is immediate replantation in permanent teeth. The main thing is the correct handling of the tooth and above all the use of an optimal storage medium to preserve the viability of the LPD cells while the patient goes to the nearest dental center. After reimplantation, a flexible splint is placed to ensure that the fibers of the periodontal ligament reform and thus provide support to the tooth. The objective is to determine treatment protocols for dental avulsion in permanent teeth. The research has a bibliographical methodology with a qualitative, exploratory, analytical, and historical documentary approach. Analysis of results was carried out through data collection, review of scientific articles, and analysis of different bibliographic sources; the results obtained show that proper and immediate clinical management of a dental avulsion is the main factor for a good prognosis. Conclusion: dental avulsion is a common type of trauma in children and must be treated urgently and timely by the dentist and the patient's family to ensure a favorable prognosis of the tooth
Dental avulsion, which is the complete expulsion of the tooth from its alveolus, causing damage to the adjacent tissues; the fibers of the periodontal ligament and the neurovascular bundle are broken, the cementum and alveolar bone are also compromised. The tooth that is mostly avulsed is the maxillary central incisor, in both dentitions; the ideal treatment is immediate replantation in permanent teeth. The main thing is the correct handling of the tooth and above all the use of an optimal storage medium to preserve the viability of the LPD cells while the patient goes to the nearest dental center. After reimplantation, a flexible splint is placed to ensure that the fibers of the periodontal ligament reform and thus provide support to the tooth. The objective is to determine treatment protocols for dental avulsion in permanent teeth. The research has a bibliographical methodology with a qualitative, exploratory, analytical, and historical documentary approach. Analysis of results was carried out through data collection, review of scientific articles, and analysis of different bibliographic sources; the results obtained show that proper and immediate clinical management of a dental avulsion is the main factor for a good prognosis. Conclusion: dental avulsion is a common type of trauma in children and must be treated urgently and timely by the dentist and the patient's family to ensure a favorable prognosis of the tooth
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AVULSION DENTAL, TRAUMATISMO DE LOS DIENTES, PROTOCOLOS CLINICOS