Métodos de identificación utilizados en Odontología Forense para el reconocimiento de cadáveres
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2022-04
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
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La odontología forense es una ciencia que se encarga de la recopilación de información del sistema estomatognático y las estructuras que lo conforman, con el fin de participar en el proceso de identificación de un cuerpo. La presente investigación tiene como objetivo determinar los diferentes métodos de identificación utilizados en la odontología forense para el reconocimiento de cadáveres. Para esto se realizó una investigación de tipo cualitativa, exploratoria y de revisión bibliográfica, tomando en cuanta alrededor de 102 fuentes bibliográficas indexadas en bases de datos como Scielo, PubMed, Reserchgate, entre otros. Los resultados demuestran que diversos autores señalan que la odontología forense es de gran importancia pues permite, a través de sus métodos, el reconocimiento de cadáveres en los cuales no se puede aplicar técnicas convencionales como la dactiloscopía o el análisis de ADN. A su vez consideran a la historia clínica odontológica como un documento primordial para realizar una comparación de datos antemortem y postmortem. Por lo que se concluyó que esta ciencia, en ciertas situaciones, puede convertirse en la única herramienta de identificación, y además permite reconocer características como edad, sexo, estatura y raza.
Forensic dentistry is a science that is responsible for the collection of information from the stomatognathic system and the structures that comprise it, to participate in the identification process of a body. The objective of this research is to determine the different methods of identification used in forensic odontology for the recognition of corpses. For this purpose, qualitative, exploratory, and bibliographic review research was carried out, taking into account about 102 bibliographic sources indexed in databases such as Scielo, PubMed, ResearchGate, among others. The results show that various authors point out that forensic odontology is of great importance because it allows, through its methods, the recognition of corpses in which conventional techniques such as dactyloscopy or DNA analysis cannot be applied. In turn, they consider the odontological clinical history as a primordial document to make a comparison of antemortem and postmortem data. Therefore, it was concluded that this science, in certain situations, can become the only identification tool, and also allows the recognition of characteristics such as age, sex, height, and race.
Forensic dentistry is a science that is responsible for the collection of information from the stomatognathic system and the structures that comprise it, to participate in the identification process of a body. The objective of this research is to determine the different methods of identification used in forensic odontology for the recognition of corpses. For this purpose, qualitative, exploratory, and bibliographic review research was carried out, taking into account about 102 bibliographic sources indexed in databases such as Scielo, PubMed, ResearchGate, among others. The results show that various authors point out that forensic odontology is of great importance because it allows, through its methods, the recognition of corpses in which conventional techniques such as dactyloscopy or DNA analysis cannot be applied. In turn, they consider the odontological clinical history as a primordial document to make a comparison of antemortem and postmortem data. Therefore, it was concluded that this science, in certain situations, can become the only identification tool, and also allows the recognition of characteristics such as age, sex, height, and race.
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ODONTOLOGIA FORENSE, HISTORIA CLINICA, IDENTIFICACION HUMANA