Análisis de los riesgos psicosociales en los miembros del Benemérito Cuerpo de Bomberos de Guayaquil durante las atenciones de las emergencias.
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Fecha
2022-03-30
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial. Maestría en Seguridad, Salud e Higiene Industrial.
Resumen
En el presente trabajo de investigación se identifican los factores de Riesgos
Psicosociales a los cuales está expuesto el personal operativo del Benemérito
Cuerpo de Bomberos de Guayaquil, antes, durante y posterior a las atenciones de
emergencias. La metodología utilizada tiene un alcance observatorio, de campo y
descriptivo, para este efecto se obtuvo una muestra de 207 bomberos rentados, a
quienes se les aplicó una encuesta basada en la técnica de evaluación ISTAS 21, la
cual evalúa las cinco dimensiones presentes en el lugar de trabajo y que poseen el
potencial para provocar daño somático o psíquico en los trabajadores. Los
resultados obtenidos revelaron que los factores psicosociales, mayormente
presentes en los bomberos, son afines a la Dimensión de Exigencias Psicológicas y
tienen un nivel de riesgo alto (43%) en relación a los f atores cognitivos y
emocionales; en cuanto a la Dimensión de Doble Presencia el nivel de riesgo es alto
(34%) haciendo referencia a las exigencias domésticas y familiares que interfieren
en la actividad bomberil.
In this investigation, the psychosocial risk factors to which the operating personnel of the Fire Brigade of Guayaquil are exposed to are identified, before, during and after the emergency calls. The methodology used has an observatory scope both in field and description, for this purpose a survey of 207 rented firefighters was obtained. This said survey, “The ISTAS 21” evaluation technique was applied. Five factors present in the workplace were taken into consideration which have the potential to cause somatic or psychic damage to workers. The results revealed that psychosocial factors, mostly present in firefighters, are related to the Dimension of Psychological Demands and have a high level of risk (43%) in relation to cases of the “Dual Presence Dimension” the level of risk is high, (34%) referring to domestic and family demands that interfere with firefighting activity.
In this investigation, the psychosocial risk factors to which the operating personnel of the Fire Brigade of Guayaquil are exposed to are identified, before, during and after the emergency calls. The methodology used has an observatory scope both in field and description, for this purpose a survey of 207 rented firefighters was obtained. This said survey, “The ISTAS 21” evaluation technique was applied. Five factors present in the workplace were taken into consideration which have the potential to cause somatic or psychic damage to workers. The results revealed that psychosocial factors, mostly present in firefighters, are related to the Dimension of Psychological Demands and have a high level of risk (43%) in relation to cases of the “Dual Presence Dimension” the level of risk is high, (34%) referring to domestic and family demands that interfere with firefighting activity.
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Palabras clave
SEGURIDAD, SALUD E HIGIENE INDUSTRIAL, FACTORES DE RIESGOS, RIESGOS PSICOSOCIALES, ACTIVIDAD BOMBERIL