Extracción de terceros molares en posición ectópica en dentición permanente
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2022-04
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
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Introducción: Se denomina diente ectópico a un diente que no sigue su curso normal de crecimiento y se desplaza a un lugar inusual de su sitio anatómico normal. Debido a que el tercer es el diente de impacto más frecuente con una prevalencia de aproximadamente 20-30%, el espacio de erupción limitado o las barreras en su trayectoria de erupción tienden a hacer que el tercer molar se desplace lejos de su región de erupción fisiológica. Objetivo: Identificar la intervención quirúrgica adecuada para la extracción de los terceros molares en posición ectópica. Metodología: La presente investigación es de tipo documental, descriptiva, analítica y retrospectiva en su búsqueda, presenta un método deductivo; a partir de las palabras clave “tercer molar, ectópico, exodoncia”, se revisaron 100 artículos científicos desde el 2016 hasta 2021, que fueron obtenidos en la web gracias a los buscadores Google Académico, Scielo, Redalyc, y en los metabuscadores PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, de los cuales, en base a criterios de inclusión y exclusión se analizaron 60 artículos. Conclusión: El manejo quirúrgico del tercer molar ectópico va a depender de su estado y ubicación; es decir, si se encuentra asociado a un quiste se puede requerir una enucleación; mientras que, si se encuentra retenido va a requerir levantamiento de colgajo, osteotomía, en ciertas ocasiones odontosección y la exodoncia propiamente dicha. Recomendación: Realizar la exodoncia del tercer molar ectópico sólo cuando sea necesario.
Introduction: An ectopic tooth is a tooth that does not follow its normal course of growth and moves to an unusual place from its normal anatomical site. Because the third is the most frequently impacted tooth with a prevalence of approximately 20-30%, limited eruption space or barriers in its eruption path tend to cause the third molar to drift away from its eruption region. physiological. Objective: To identify the appropriate surgical intervention for the extraction of third molars in ectopic position. Methodology: The present research is documentary, descriptive, analytical and retrospective in its search, it presents a deductive method; from the keywords "third molar, ectopic, exodontia", 100 scientific articles were reviewed from 2016 to 2021, which were obtained on the web thanks to the search engines Google Scholar, Scielo, RedALyC, and in the meta search engines PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, of which, based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 60 articles were analyzed. Conclusion: The surgical management of the ectopic third molar will depend on its condition and location; that is, if it is associated with a cyst, enucleation may be required; while, if it is retained, it will require flap lifting, osteotomy, on certain occasions odontosection and the extraction itself. Recommendation: Carry out the extraction of the ectopic third molar only when necessary.
Introduction: An ectopic tooth is a tooth that does not follow its normal course of growth and moves to an unusual place from its normal anatomical site. Because the third is the most frequently impacted tooth with a prevalence of approximately 20-30%, limited eruption space or barriers in its eruption path tend to cause the third molar to drift away from its eruption region. physiological. Objective: To identify the appropriate surgical intervention for the extraction of third molars in ectopic position. Methodology: The present research is documentary, descriptive, analytical and retrospective in its search, it presents a deductive method; from the keywords "third molar, ectopic, exodontia", 100 scientific articles were reviewed from 2016 to 2021, which were obtained on the web thanks to the search engines Google Scholar, Scielo, RedALyC, and in the meta search engines PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, of which, based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 60 articles were analyzed. Conclusion: The surgical management of the ectopic third molar will depend on its condition and location; that is, if it is associated with a cyst, enucleation may be required; while, if it is retained, it will require flap lifting, osteotomy, on certain occasions odontosection and the extraction itself. Recommendation: Carry out the extraction of the ectopic third molar only when necessary.
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TERCER MOLAR, EXODONCIA, TERCER MOLAR - CIRUGIA