La obesidad y su relación con la enfermedad periodontal
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2022-04
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
Resumen
La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) define a la obesidad como una acumulación excesiva de grasa que puede llegar a ser perjudicial para la salud. Por otra parte, la enfermedad periodontal, afecta las estructuras de soporte del diente, las encías, la membrana periodontal y el hueso alveolar. El objetivo de este estudio es establecer la relación que existe entre la obesidad como factor de riesgo en pacientes con enfermedad periodontal. Para ello se realizó una búsqueda de artículos científicos que tienen relación con el tema investigativo. La presente revisión muestra diferentes estudios que confirman de manera positiva que la obesidad tiene relación con la enfermedad periodontal. Según estudios realizados por diferentes investigadores encontraron que el 66,7 % de los obesos eran enfermos periodontales; con relación al grado de obesidad, el 45,6 % presentó grado
II. Al analizar la gravedad de la enfermedad predominó la periodontitis. En otro estudio, se estudiaron 70 pacientes, de los cuales 21 (30%) presentaron periodontitis crónica generalizada severa, 13 pacientes (19%) periodontitis crónica localizada severa, otros 13 pacientes (19%) periodontitis crónica localizada moderada, 12 pacientes (17%) gingivitis inducida por placa bacteriana. Se concluye que la enfermedad periodontal tiene mayor prevalencia en pacientes obesos en comparación a los individuos con peso normal no obesos. Comprender los vínculos entre la obesidad y la enfermedad periodontal puede mejorar el diagnóstico, pronóstico y enfoque terapéutico desde varias especialidades como periodoncia, medicina interna, endocrinología, nutrición y fisioterapia
The World Health Organization (WHO) defines obesity as an excessive accumulation of fat that can be detrimental to health. Periodontal disease, on the other hand, affects the supporting structures of the tooth, the gums, the periodontal membrane, and the alveolar bone. The objective of this study is to establish the relationship between obesity as a risk factor in patients with periodontal disease. For this, a search of scientific articles that are related to the research topic was carried out. This review shows different studies that positively confirm that obesity is related to periodontal disease. According to studies carried out by different researchers, they found that 66.7% of the obese were periodontal patients; Regarding the degree of obesity, 45.6% presented grade II. When analyzing the severity of the disease, periodontitis predominated. In another study, 70 patients were studied, of which 21 (30%) presented severe generalized chronic periodontitis, 13 patients (19%) severe localized chronic periodontitis, another 13 patients (19%) moderate localized chronic periodontitis, 12 patients (17 %) gingivitis induced by bacterial plaque. It is concluded that periodontal disease is more prevalent in obese patients compared to non-obese normal weight individuals. Understanding the links between obesity and periodontal disease can improve the diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic approach from various specialties such as periodontics, internal medicine, endocrinology, nutrition and physical therapy.
The World Health Organization (WHO) defines obesity as an excessive accumulation of fat that can be detrimental to health. Periodontal disease, on the other hand, affects the supporting structures of the tooth, the gums, the periodontal membrane, and the alveolar bone. The objective of this study is to establish the relationship between obesity as a risk factor in patients with periodontal disease. For this, a search of scientific articles that are related to the research topic was carried out. This review shows different studies that positively confirm that obesity is related to periodontal disease. According to studies carried out by different researchers, they found that 66.7% of the obese were periodontal patients; Regarding the degree of obesity, 45.6% presented grade II. When analyzing the severity of the disease, periodontitis predominated. In another study, 70 patients were studied, of which 21 (30%) presented severe generalized chronic periodontitis, 13 patients (19%) severe localized chronic periodontitis, another 13 patients (19%) moderate localized chronic periodontitis, 12 patients (17 %) gingivitis induced by bacterial plaque. It is concluded that periodontal disease is more prevalent in obese patients compared to non-obese normal weight individuals. Understanding the links between obesity and periodontal disease can improve the diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic approach from various specialties such as periodontics, internal medicine, endocrinology, nutrition and physical therapy.
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ENFERMEDADES PERIODONTALES, OBESIDAD, SOBREPESO