La multiparidad como factor de riesgo de morbilidad neonatal
Fecha
2021
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Obstetricia
Resumen
La multiparidad es considerada cuando una mujer en su vida ha tenido más de dos partos, se vincula con el aumento de mortalidad perinatal. El objetivo del presente estudio será analizar la influencia de la multiparidad como factor de riesgo de morbilidad neonatal en mujeres de 25 a 35 años atendidas en el Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Pediátrico Universitario de Guayaquil durante el periodo septiembre 2020- febrero 2021. La metodología empleada es de modalidad cuantitativa tipo descriptiva, muestra de 223 pacientes se aplicó ficha de recolección de datos Como principales resultados: entre las características sociodemográficas: grupo etario de 29-32 años con 42.6%, grado de instrucción secundaria un 39.5%, periodo intergenésico de menos de un año en 20.2 %, de uno a dos años en el 43.4% y de más de dos años en el 36.3%; controles insuficientes (1 a 3) en 35.4%, antecedente patológico personal de anemia con el 24.2%, gran multíparas (5-7 partos) en el 43.5%. Las complicaciones neonatales más frecuente fue el bajo peso al nacer en el 31.4%, dificultad respiratoria con un 29.1% y prematuridad 21%. Se recomienda un plan educativo sobre planificación familiar en base a protocolos disponibles del MSP y Ministerio de Educación.
Palabras Claves: MULTIPARIDAD, MORBILIDAD NEONATAL, CONTROLES INSUFICIENTES, BAJO PESO AL NACER
Multiparity is considered when a woman has had more than two deliveries in her life, it is linked to an increase in perinatal mortality. The objective of this study will be to analyze the influence of multiparity as a risk factor for neonatal morbidity in women between 25 and 35 years of age treated at the Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Pediátrico Universitario de Guayaquil during the period September 2020- February 2021. The methodology used is observational, descriptive cross-sectional type, with a sample of 223 patients who met the inclusion criteria, and a data collection sheet was applied. As main results: Among the sociodemographic characteristics, age group 29-32 years with 42.6%, secondary education level in 39.5%, urban-marginal origin with 39%, intergenic period of less than 1 year in 20.2%, one to two years in 43.4% and more than two years in 36.3%. Insufficient controls (1 to 3) were observed in 35.4%, personal pathological antecedent of anemia with 24.2%, great multiparous (5-7 deliveries) in 43.5%. The most frequent neonatal complication was low birth weight in 31.4%, and respiratory distress with a 29.1%.The continuous socialization of an educational plan on family planning is considered necessary based on the protocols available from the MSP and the Ministry of Education in educational institutions. Keywords: MULTIPARITY, NEONATAL MORBIDITY, INSUFFICIENT CONTROLS, LOW WEIGHT AT BIRTH
Multiparity is considered when a woman has had more than two deliveries in her life, it is linked to an increase in perinatal mortality. The objective of this study will be to analyze the influence of multiparity as a risk factor for neonatal morbidity in women between 25 and 35 years of age treated at the Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Pediátrico Universitario de Guayaquil during the period September 2020- February 2021. The methodology used is observational, descriptive cross-sectional type, with a sample of 223 patients who met the inclusion criteria, and a data collection sheet was applied. As main results: Among the sociodemographic characteristics, age group 29-32 years with 42.6%, secondary education level in 39.5%, urban-marginal origin with 39%, intergenic period of less than 1 year in 20.2%, one to two years in 43.4% and more than two years in 36.3%. Insufficient controls (1 to 3) were observed in 35.4%, personal pathological antecedent of anemia with 24.2%, great multiparous (5-7 deliveries) in 43.5%. The most frequent neonatal complication was low birth weight in 31.4%, and respiratory distress with a 29.1%.The continuous socialization of an educational plan on family planning is considered necessary based on the protocols available from the MSP and the Ministry of Education in educational institutions. Keywords: MULTIPARITY, NEONATAL MORBIDITY, INSUFFICIENT CONTROLS, LOW WEIGHT AT BIRTH
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PARIDAD, INDICADORES DE MORBIMORTALIDAD, BAJO PESO AL NACER, EPIDEMIOLOGIA DESCRIPTIVA, HOSPITAL UNIVERSITARIO DE GUAYAQUIL, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR