Influencia de la cirugía obstétrica y pélvica en el síndrome adherencial posquirúrgico según factores de riesgo
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2021
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
El 20% de las cirugías de emergencia son causadas por complicacines secunadarias a
adherencias abdominales; de alta prevalencia en mujeres sometidas a cirugía obstétrica y
pélvica; actualmente las consecuencias tienen pocas opciones efectivas para evitar el síndrome
adherencial y sus complicaciones son graves y riesgosas. El objetivo del presente estudio es
correlacionar los factores de riesgo para desarrollar bridas o adherencias intestinales en mujeres
sometidas a cirugías abdominopélvicas obstétricas en el Hospital de la Mujer Alfredo G.
Paulson, de noviembre 2017 a noviembre 2020. Es un estudio analítico-correlacionar, no
experimental, de corte transversal y retrospectivo; se utilizó el test Chi cuadrado como prueba
de hipótesis, se estudia una muestra de 124 casos con cirugía previa obstétrica o abdomino
pélvica, el grupo de edad que predominó es el de 30 a 39 años, 60%, la edad promedio 33 años,
la escolaridad secundaria 37,8%, la etnia mestiza con el 55,6% y ocupación ama de casa con
el 43,3%; de los factores, la cirugía previa abdomino pélvica 63,3%, el abordaje previo
abdomen abierto 71,1%, el tiempo de cirugía ≥ 120 minutos 62,2%, el abordaje actual abdomen
abierto 83,3%, sin antecedente de preeclampsia 60,0% y de meconio 56,7%. Se concluye que
se prueba la hipótesis planteada solo en relación a los factores: cirugía previa abdomino pélvica,
el abordaje previo abdomen abierto, el tiempo de cirugía ≥ 120 minutos, y los antecedentes de
meconio; se rechaza para el abordaje actual y los antecedentes de preeclampsia, con un nivel
de significación de α=0,05.
Twenty percent of emergency surgeries are caused by abdominal adhesions; of high prevalence in women undergoing obstetric and pelvic surgery; currently the consequences have few effective options to avoid adhesive syndrome and its complications are serious and risky. The aim of the present study is to correlate the risk factors for developing intestinal bridging or adhesions in women undergoing obstetric abdominopelvic surgeries at the Alfredo G. Paulson Women's Hospital, from November 2017 to November 2020. It is an analytical-correlational, non-experimental, cross-sectional and retrospective study; Chi-square test was used as hypothesis test, a sample of 124 cases with previous obstetric or abdomino-pelvic surgery is studied, the age group that predominated is 30 to 39 years, 60%, average age 33 years, secondary schooling 37.8%, mestizo ethnicity 55.6% and occupation housewife 43.3%; of the factors, previous abdomino-pelvic surgery 63.3%, previous open abdominal approach 71.1%, surgery time ≥ 120 minutes 62.2%, current open abdominal approach 83.3%, no history of preeclampsia 60.0% and meconium 56.7%. It is concluded that the hypothesis is tested only in relation to the factors: previous abdomino-pelvic surgery, previous open abdominal approach, surgery time ≥ 120 minutes, and history of meconium; it is rejected for the current approach and history of preeclampsia, for a significance level of α=0.05.
Twenty percent of emergency surgeries are caused by abdominal adhesions; of high prevalence in women undergoing obstetric and pelvic surgery; currently the consequences have few effective options to avoid adhesive syndrome and its complications are serious and risky. The aim of the present study is to correlate the risk factors for developing intestinal bridging or adhesions in women undergoing obstetric abdominopelvic surgeries at the Alfredo G. Paulson Women's Hospital, from November 2017 to November 2020. It is an analytical-correlational, non-experimental, cross-sectional and retrospective study; Chi-square test was used as hypothesis test, a sample of 124 cases with previous obstetric or abdomino-pelvic surgery is studied, the age group that predominated is 30 to 39 years, 60%, average age 33 years, secondary schooling 37.8%, mestizo ethnicity 55.6% and occupation housewife 43.3%; of the factors, previous abdomino-pelvic surgery 63.3%, previous open abdominal approach 71.1%, surgery time ≥ 120 minutes 62.2%, current open abdominal approach 83.3%, no history of preeclampsia 60.0% and meconium 56.7%. It is concluded that the hypothesis is tested only in relation to the factors: previous abdomino-pelvic surgery, previous open abdominal approach, surgery time ≥ 120 minutes, and history of meconium; it is rejected for the current approach and history of preeclampsia, for a significance level of α=0.05.
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Preeclampsia, Factores de riesgo, Meconio, Hospital de la Mujer Alfredo G. Paulson, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador