Análisis de un sistema de riego agrícola para la optimización del recurso hídrico Recinto Júdipa - Daule
Fecha
2022
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Universidad de Guayaquil - Facultad de Ciencias Matemáticas y Físicas - Carrera de Ingeniería Civil
Resumen
En la actualidad el desafío de la gestión del agua es impostergable, requiere atender demandas crecientes y urgentes debido al aumento de la población, urbanización, agricultura y actividad industrial. El diseño de canales de riego requiere atender problemas de erosión, sedimentación y filtración, que causan pérdidas e impactos negativos en la producción agrícola. En la parroquia Laurel-recinto Júdipa en Daule, en consideración de sus estrategias agrícolas existe imperiosa necesidad de un análisis de los canales existentes para su readecuación y la distribución segura para el beneficio de la producción agrícola. El objetivo del trabajo es analizar el sistema de riego en el recinto Júdipa de la parroquia Laurel mediante datos topográficos, hidrológicos e hidráulicos para la propuesta de un canal que optimice el recurso hídrico y que beneficie a la población de la zona. La metodología consiste en: a) Revisar la información base que consiste en el reconocimiento del área de estudio, identificar la ubicación de los canales de riego y verificar la cobertura y uso de la tierra del sector; b) Análisis del sistema de riego para identificar las características de los canales, determinar la demanda del recurso hídrico y dimensionar el área que necesita ser dotada del recurso hídrico; c) Análisis hidrológico para verificar la disponibilidad y capacidad del cauce donde se va a captar el agua; d) Readecuación del sistema de riego mediante una propuesta del diseño con su respectiva valoración económica. Se estableció que la propuesta duplica la eficiencia del canal, la distribución del agua beneficia a los agricultores, atendiendo criterios de control, mantenimiento, y en ciertos lugares de corrección
Currently, the challenge of water management cannot be postponed, it requires meeting growing and urgent demands due to the increase in population, urbanization, agriculture and industrial activity. The design of irrigation canals requires dealing with problems of erosion, sedimentation and filtration, which cause losses and negative impacts on agricultural production. In the Laurel parish-Júdipa enclosure in Daule, in consideration of their agricultural strategies, there is an urgent need for an analysis of the existing channels for their readjustment and safe distribution for the benefit of agricultural production. The objective of the work is to analyze the irrigation system in the Júdipa precinct of the Laurel parish through topographic, hydrological and hydraulic data for the proposal of a channel that optimizes the water resource and benefits the population of the area. The methodology consists of: a) Reviewing the base information that consists of reconnaissance of the study area, identifying the location of the irrigation canals and verifying the coverage and land use of the sector; b) Analysis of the irrigation system to identify the characteristics of the channels, determine the demand for water resources and size the area that needs to be provided with water resources; c) Hydrological analysis to verify the availability and capacity of the channel where the water will be captured; d) Readjustment of the irrigation system by means of a design proposal with its respective economic valuation. It was established that the proposal doubles the efficiency of the channel, the distribution of water benefits farmers, meeting control criteria, maintenance, and in certain places correction.
Currently, the challenge of water management cannot be postponed, it requires meeting growing and urgent demands due to the increase in population, urbanization, agriculture and industrial activity. The design of irrigation canals requires dealing with problems of erosion, sedimentation and filtration, which cause losses and negative impacts on agricultural production. In the Laurel parish-Júdipa enclosure in Daule, in consideration of their agricultural strategies, there is an urgent need for an analysis of the existing channels for their readjustment and safe distribution for the benefit of agricultural production. The objective of the work is to analyze the irrigation system in the Júdipa precinct of the Laurel parish through topographic, hydrological and hydraulic data for the proposal of a channel that optimizes the water resource and benefits the population of the area. The methodology consists of: a) Reviewing the base information that consists of reconnaissance of the study area, identifying the location of the irrigation canals and verifying the coverage and land use of the sector; b) Analysis of the irrigation system to identify the characteristics of the channels, determine the demand for water resources and size the area that needs to be provided with water resources; c) Hydrological analysis to verify the availability and capacity of the channel where the water will be captured; d) Readjustment of the irrigation system by means of a design proposal with its respective economic valuation. It was established that the proposal doubles the efficiency of the channel, the distribution of water benefits farmers, meeting control criteria, maintenance, and in certain places correction.
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CANALES DE RIEGO, EROSIÓN, SEDIMENTACIÓN, FILTRACIÓN, PRODUCCIÓN AGRÍCOLA, RECURSO HÍDRICO
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