Rol de enfermería en los cuidados paliativos en pacientes nefrológicos pediátricos
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2022-05
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Universidad de Guayaquil, Facultad de Ciencias Medicas, Carrera de Enfermería
Resumen
Los pacientes con enfermedades renales se caracterizan porque es una enfermedad de larga duración que se produce por una reducción de la función renal. Hay procesos agudos que reducen, temporalmente, la capacidad de filtración renal, por eso para que se considere que está instaurada y por lo consiguiente esta reducción debe detectarse. El objetivo principal se encuentra dirigido a determinar el rol de enfermería en los cuidados nefrológicos pediátricos dentro del Hospital del Niño Dr. Francisco Icaza Bustamante de la ciudad de Guayaquil, periodo 2022. Desde el punto de vista metodológico, esta investigación con enfoque cualitativo, de tipo fenomenológica, con un enfoque interpretativo. El instrumento de recolección de información corresponde a las entrevistas, dirigido a los informantes claves, los cuales corresponden al personal de enfermería. Dentro de los principales resultados, se observa que, dentro de los factores que influyen de los cuidados de enfermería en pacientes pediátricos se encuentran, las características propias del tratamiento, el cual es doloroso, la irritabilidad del paciente. Además la presencia de los familiares son factores que influyen de manera positiva o negativa, de acuerdo al caso. Finalmente, la falta de tiempo y de insumos son otros factores inmersos ene l desarrollo de cuidados de enfermería. Luego de finalizar la investigación, se concluye que el modelo teórico de la percepción del Rol de enfermería en los cuidados paliativos nefrológicos pediátricos se encuentra asociado a tres pilares fundamentales; el desarrollo de los cuidados paliativos, la identificación del rol del profesional de enfermería y los factores que intervienen y afectan de manera positiva o negativa en el proceso de atención de enfermería.
Patients with kidney disease are characterized because it is a long-term disease that is caused by a reduction in kidney function. There are acute processes that temporarily reduce renal filtration capacity, so for it to be considered established and therefore this reduction must be detected. The main objective is aimed at determining the role of nursing in pediatric nephrological care within the Hospital del Niño Dr. Francisco Icaza Bustamante in the city of Guayaquil, period 2022. From the methodological point of view, this research with a qualitative approach, from phenomenological type, with an interpretive approach. The data collection instrument corresponds to the interviews, aimed at the key informants, who correspond to the nursing staff. Among the main results, it is observed that, within the factors that influence nursing care in pediatric patients, are the characteristics of the treatment, which is painful, and the patient's irritability. In addition, the presence of family members is factors that influence positively or negatively, according to the case. Finally, the lack of time and supplies are other factors involved in the development of nursing care. After completing the investigation, it is concluded that the theoretical model of the perception of the Nursing Role in pediatric nephrology palliative care is associated with three fundamental pillars; the development of palliative care, the identification of the role of the nursing professional and the factors that intervene and emerge positively or negatively in the nursing care process.
Patients with kidney disease are characterized because it is a long-term disease that is caused by a reduction in kidney function. There are acute processes that temporarily reduce renal filtration capacity, so for it to be considered established and therefore this reduction must be detected. The main objective is aimed at determining the role of nursing in pediatric nephrological care within the Hospital del Niño Dr. Francisco Icaza Bustamante in the city of Guayaquil, period 2022. From the methodological point of view, this research with a qualitative approach, from phenomenological type, with an interpretive approach. The data collection instrument corresponds to the interviews, aimed at the key informants, who correspond to the nursing staff. Among the main results, it is observed that, within the factors that influence nursing care in pediatric patients, are the characteristics of the treatment, which is painful, and the patient's irritability. In addition, the presence of family members is factors that influence positively or negatively, according to the case. Finally, the lack of time and supplies are other factors involved in the development of nursing care. After completing the investigation, it is concluded that the theoretical model of the perception of the Nursing Role in pediatric nephrology palliative care is associated with three fundamental pillars; the development of palliative care, the identification of the role of the nursing professional and the factors that intervene and emerge positively or negatively in the nursing care process.
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ROL DE ENFERMERIA, CUIDADOS PALIATIVOS, NEFROLOGICOS, PEDIATRICOS