Efectividad, beneficios y complicaciones de la dacriocistorrinostomía endoscópica sin sondaje en pacientes con obstrucción del conducto lagrimal
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2021
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
La dacriocistitis cronica es un trastorno común que eventualmente conduce a la obstrucción
de la vía de drenaje. La incidencia es más recurrente en personas de 40 años y va aumentando
de forma acelerada a partir de los 60, la tasa de afectación es de 20,2 por cada 100.000
habitantes. La dacriocistorrinostomía (DCR) es un procedimiento quirúrgico que se realiza
para resolver la epífora debida a una obstrucción del conducto nasolagrimal (OCNL) de origen
anatómico o funcional. El procedimiento consiste en crear una conexión entre el saco lagrimal
y la cavidad nasal para proporcionar un bypass directo del conducto nasolagrimal bloqueado o
estrechado. En el Ecuador no existe evidencia documentada de los resultados posquirúrgicos
de la técnica endoscópica sin sondaje, por lo cual el objetivo del estudio fue determinar la
efectividad, beneficios y complicaciones de la dacriocistorrinostomía endoscópica sin sondaje
en pacientes con obstrucción del conducto lagrimal, planteandose un estudio: Analítico,
correlacional, observacional, retrospectivo, no experimental. Los datos obtenidos de un total
de la muestra fueron 50 pacientes sometidos a DCR endoscópica divididos en 13 con sondaje
y 37 sin sondaje, demostrando una incidencia de edad media de 61.64 años, con relación al
sexo, el 60% corresponde al sexo femenino y 40% al masculino. Para establecer el grado de correlación entre los hallazgos obtenidos sobre efectividad, beneficios y complicaciones con y
sin el uso de sonda, se aplicaron pruebas estadísticas con IC 99% IR 1%, como son Chi
cuadrado, obteniendo significancia asintótica de 0.006 y mediante Test exacto de Fisher con
significancia asintótica de 0.017, sustentándose que existe adecuada relación entre variables de
estudio. Palabras clave: Dacriocistitis crónica, dacriocistorrinostomía endoscópica.
Chronic dacryocystitis is a common disorder that eventually leads to obstruction of the drainage path. The incidence is more recurrent in people of 40 years and increases rapidly from 60, the rate of affectation is 20.2 per 100,000 inhabitants. Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is a surgical procedure performed to resolve the epiphora due to an obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct (OCNL) of anatomical or functional origin. The procedure involves creating a connection between the lacrimal sac and the nasal cavity to provide a direct bypass of the blocked or narrowed nasolacrimal duct. In Ecuador there is no documented evidence of the postsurgical results of the endoscopic technique without catheterization, therefore the objective of the study was to determine the effectiveness, benefits and complications of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy without catheterization in patients with obstruction of the tear duct, considering a study : Analytical, correlational, observational, retrospective, non-experimental. The data obtained from a total of the sample were 50 patients submitted to endoscopic DCR divided into 13 with catheterization and 37 without catheterization, showing a mean age incidence of 61.64 years, in relation to sex, 60% were female and 40 % to masculine. To establish the degree of correlation between the findings on effectiveness, benefits and complications with and without the use of a catheter, statistical tests were applied with 99% CI 1% IR, such as Chi square, obtaining asymptotic significance of 0.006 and using the exact test. Fisher with asymptotic significance of 0.017, supporting that there is an adequate relationship between study variables. Keywords: Chronic dacryocystitis, endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy.
Chronic dacryocystitis is a common disorder that eventually leads to obstruction of the drainage path. The incidence is more recurrent in people of 40 years and increases rapidly from 60, the rate of affectation is 20.2 per 100,000 inhabitants. Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is a surgical procedure performed to resolve the epiphora due to an obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct (OCNL) of anatomical or functional origin. The procedure involves creating a connection between the lacrimal sac and the nasal cavity to provide a direct bypass of the blocked or narrowed nasolacrimal duct. In Ecuador there is no documented evidence of the postsurgical results of the endoscopic technique without catheterization, therefore the objective of the study was to determine the effectiveness, benefits and complications of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy without catheterization in patients with obstruction of the tear duct, considering a study : Analytical, correlational, observational, retrospective, non-experimental. The data obtained from a total of the sample were 50 patients submitted to endoscopic DCR divided into 13 with catheterization and 37 without catheterization, showing a mean age incidence of 61.64 years, in relation to sex, 60% were female and 40 % to masculine. To establish the degree of correlation between the findings on effectiveness, benefits and complications with and without the use of a catheter, statistical tests were applied with 99% CI 1% IR, such as Chi square, obtaining asymptotic significance of 0.006 and using the exact test. Fisher with asymptotic significance of 0.017, supporting that there is an adequate relationship between study variables. Keywords: Chronic dacryocystitis, endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy.
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Dacriocistorrinostomía, Dacriocistitis, Epidemiología analítica, Estudios retrospectivos, Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador