Relación de síntomas cognitivos y afectivos que influyen en pacientes con trastorno de ansiedad
Fecha
2022
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
Antecedente: La ansiedad una reacción normal y saludable que se activa ante una
amenaza o un peligro. La ansiedad se convierte en trastorno de ansiedad cuando esta
reacción se activa en situaciones habitualmente no amenazantes/peligrosas o de manera
persistente, hasta el punto que interfiere de manera importante en la vida diaria, estas
pueden ser patologías muy limitantes. Objetivo: relacionar los síntomas cognitivos y
afectivos que influyen en pacientes con trastorno de ansiedad. Metodología: fue estudio
descriptivo correlacional, diseño no experimental, corte transversal. Se tomaron los
datos clínicos de los pacientes con síntomas de ansiedad atendidos en consulta del
Instituto de Neurociencias mediante del software del sistema operativo de la institución,
durante el año 2019. Resultados: los pacientes diagnosticados con ansiedad y trastornos
cognitivos y afectivos mayormente fueran mujeres con 66.14%, y de grupo etario de 20
a 39 años con 42.13%, sus diagnósticos: “Otros trastornos de ansiedad” con 51.59%,
“Trastornos mixto de ansiedad y depresión” con 28.95% y “Trastornos de ansiedad no
especificado” con 16.32%.Los síntomas cognitivos, tuvieron en la Concentración el
35.26%, Atención y Memoria 34.21% respectivamente, y Toma de decisiones con
33.68%; los síntomas afectivos mayormente tuvieron Angustia con 79.47%, Insomnio
con 75.26%, Pérdida de apetito y peso con 39.47%, Llanto fácil 31.04%, Tristeza
27.89%. Conclusiones: Se identificaron los síntomas cognitivos en los pacientes con
ansiedad, que fueron en la Concentración, Atención, Memoria, y Toma de decisiones; y
síntomas afectivos de Angustia e Insomnio. Concluyéndose que los síntomas cognitivos
y afectivos influyen en este tipo de pacientes.
Palabras clave: Trastorno afectivo, trastorno Cognitivo, ansiedad
Background: Anxiety is a normal and healthy reaction that is activated in the face of a threat or danger. Anxiety becomes an anxiety disorder when this reaction is activated in usually non-threatening/dangerous situations or persistently, to the point that it significantly interferes with daily life, these can be very limiting pathologies. Objective: to relate the cognitive and affective symptoms that influence patients with anxiety disorder. Methodology: it was a descriptive correlational study, non experimental design, cross section. The clinical data of the patients with symptoms of anxiety attended in the consultation of the Institute of Neurosciences were taken through the software of the operating system of the institution, during the year 2019. Results: the patients diagnosed with anxiety and cognitive and affective disorders were mostly women with 66.14%, and age group from 20 to 39 years with 42.13%, their diagnoses: "Other anxiety disorders" with 51.59%, "Mixed anxiety and depression disorders" with 28.95% and "Unspecified anxiety disorders" with 16.32 %. The cognitive symptoms, had in the Concentration 35.26%, Attention and Memory 34.21% respectively, and Decision making with 33.68%; the affective symptoms mostly had Anguish with 79.47%, Insomnia with 75.26%, Loss of appetite and weight with 39.47%, Easy crying 31.04%, Sadness 27.89%. Conclusions: Cognitive symptoms were identified in patients with anxiety, which were in Concentration, Attention, Memory, and Decision making; and affective symptoms of Anguish and Insomnia. Concluding that cognitive and affective symptoms influence this type of patients. Keywords: Affective disorder, Cognitive disorder, anxiety
Background: Anxiety is a normal and healthy reaction that is activated in the face of a threat or danger. Anxiety becomes an anxiety disorder when this reaction is activated in usually non-threatening/dangerous situations or persistently, to the point that it significantly interferes with daily life, these can be very limiting pathologies. Objective: to relate the cognitive and affective symptoms that influence patients with anxiety disorder. Methodology: it was a descriptive correlational study, non experimental design, cross section. The clinical data of the patients with symptoms of anxiety attended in the consultation of the Institute of Neurosciences were taken through the software of the operating system of the institution, during the year 2019. Results: the patients diagnosed with anxiety and cognitive and affective disorders were mostly women with 66.14%, and age group from 20 to 39 years with 42.13%, their diagnoses: "Other anxiety disorders" with 51.59%, "Mixed anxiety and depression disorders" with 28.95% and "Unspecified anxiety disorders" with 16.32 %. The cognitive symptoms, had in the Concentration 35.26%, Attention and Memory 34.21% respectively, and Decision making with 33.68%; the affective symptoms mostly had Anguish with 79.47%, Insomnia with 75.26%, Loss of appetite and weight with 39.47%, Easy crying 31.04%, Sadness 27.89%. Conclusions: Cognitive symptoms were identified in patients with anxiety, which were in Concentration, Attention, Memory, and Decision making; and affective symptoms of Anguish and Insomnia. Concluding that cognitive and affective symptoms influence this type of patients. Keywords: Affective disorder, Cognitive disorder, anxiety
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Trastorno afectivo estacional, Disfunción Cognitiva, Ansiedad, Epidemiología descriptiva, Instituto de Neurociencias, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador