Relación entre los niveles de alfafetoproteína y los nódulos hepáticos en pacientes con diagnóstico de hepatocarcinoma
No hay miniatura disponible
Fecha
2022
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
Antecedentes: En nuestro país los pacientes con hepatopatías crónicas entre ellos los que ya han desarrollado una cirrosis hepática ocupan un gran porcentanje de las consultas externas y ocupación de camas de hospitalización en las áreas de gastroenterología y medicina interna; además aquellos pacientes que empiezan a tener descompensaciones propias de su enfermedad hepática generan costos elevados a nuestro sistema de salud ya que requieren reingresos múltiples para tratar sus complicaciones. Una de esas complicaciones que afecta a por lo menos un tercio de los pacientes con cirrosis a lo largo de su vida es el desarrollo del carcinoma hepatocelular que en la mayoría de los casos es detectado en estadios avanzados. Una de las herramientas de seguimiento para la detección y diagnóstico de este tipo de cáncer es medir los niveles en sangre de alfafetoproténa, pero tiene limitaciones ya que por su baja sensibilidad y especificidad siempre debe ir acompaña en el screening de estos pacientes con la ecografía abdominal para la detección de nódulos hepáticos. Objetivo: Demostrar la relación entre los niveles de alfafetoproteína y la presencia de los nódulos hepáticos en pacientes con diagnóstico de hepatocarcinoma. Metología: Realice un estudio analítico, correlacional, retrospectivo, no experimental, utilizando en el análisis bivariado Correlación de Pearson. El universo comprenderá aquellos con diagnóstico de cirrosis (308) y la población los que han desarrollado hepatocarcinoma (76); no se encontró relación entre ambos métodos diagnósticos, atendidos en el Área de Hospitalización del Servicio de Gastroenterología del Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo - IESS, en el período comprendido entre enero 2018 y julio del 2020. Palabras claves: Carcinoma hepatocelular, alfafetoproteína, nódulos hepáticos.
Background: In our country, patients with chronic liver diseases, including those who have already developed liver cirrhosis, occupy a large percentage of outpatient consultations and hospital beds in the areas of gastroenterology and internal medicine; In addition, those patients who begin to have decompensations typical of their liver disease generate high costs for our health system since they require multiple readmissions to treat their complications. One of these complications that affects at least a third of patients with cirrhosis throughout their lives is the development of hepatocellular carcinoma, which in most cases is detected in advanced stages. One of the monitoring tools for the detection and diagnosis of this type of cancer is to measure the blood levels of alpha-fetoprotein, but it has limitations since, due to its low sensitivity and specificity, it should always be accompanied in the screening of these patients with abdominal ultrasound. for the detection of liver nodules. Objective: To demonstrate the relationship between alpha-fetoprotein levels and the presence of liver nodules in patients diagnosed with hepatocarcinoma. Methodology: Carry out an analytical, correlational, retrospective, non-experimental study, using Pearson's Correlation in the bivariate analysis. The universe will include those with a diagnosis of cirrhosis (308) and the population those who have developed hepatocarcinoma (76); no relationship was found between both diagnostic methods, treated in the Hospitalization Area of the Gastroenterology Service of Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital - IESS, in the period between January 2018 and July 2020. Keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma, alpha-fetoprotein, liver nodules.
Background: In our country, patients with chronic liver diseases, including those who have already developed liver cirrhosis, occupy a large percentage of outpatient consultations and hospital beds in the areas of gastroenterology and internal medicine; In addition, those patients who begin to have decompensations typical of their liver disease generate high costs for our health system since they require multiple readmissions to treat their complications. One of these complications that affects at least a third of patients with cirrhosis throughout their lives is the development of hepatocellular carcinoma, which in most cases is detected in advanced stages. One of the monitoring tools for the detection and diagnosis of this type of cancer is to measure the blood levels of alpha-fetoprotein, but it has limitations since, due to its low sensitivity and specificity, it should always be accompanied in the screening of these patients with abdominal ultrasound. for the detection of liver nodules. Objective: To demonstrate the relationship between alpha-fetoprotein levels and the presence of liver nodules in patients diagnosed with hepatocarcinoma. Methodology: Carry out an analytical, correlational, retrospective, non-experimental study, using Pearson's Correlation in the bivariate analysis. The universe will include those with a diagnosis of cirrhosis (308) and the population those who have developed hepatocarcinoma (76); no relationship was found between both diagnostic methods, treated in the Hospitalization Area of the Gastroenterology Service of Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital - IESS, in the period between January 2018 and July 2020. Keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma, alpha-fetoprotein, liver nodules.
Descripción
PDF
Palabras clave
Carcinoma hepatocelular, Alfafetoproteína, Nódulos hepáticos, Epidemiología analítica, Estudios retrospectivos, Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador