Factores maternos y perinatales predisponentes a trabajo de parto prolongado
Fecha
2022
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Obstetricia
Resumen
El trabajo de parto prolongado es una distocia que compromete la salud del binomio madre-hijo, ocasiona el 8% de defunciones maternas. El objetivo del estudio fue establecer los factores maternos y perinatales predisponentes a trabajo de parto prolongado en el Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil durante el periodo agosto 2021- enero 2022. La metodología investigativa fue observacional, no experimental, descriptiva de corte transversal con 129 pacientes que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión, se realizó recolección de datos mediante la revisión de historias clínicas. Los resultados indican que entre los principales factores maternos asociados al trabajo de parto prolongado se encuentra la alteración de la contractibilidad uterina en el 54,3% y cansancio muscular en el 28,7%; factores perinatales predisponentes al trabajo de parto prolongado, macrosomía fetal en el 53,5% y desproporción céfalo-pélvica en el 33,3%; complicaciones obstétricas asociadas a la situación de estudio, la atonía uterina en el 30,2%, ansiedad materna en el 20,2% y hemorragia postparto en el 18,6%.
Palabras Claves: Factores maternos, factores perinatales, trabajo de parto prolongado
Prolonged labor is a dystocia that compromises the health of the mother-child binomial, causing 8% of maternal deaths. The objective of the study was to establish the maternal and perinatal factors predisposing to prolonged labor at the University Hospital of Guayaquil during the period August 2021-January 2022. The research methodology was observational, non-experimental, descriptive cross-sectional with 129 patients who met With the inclusion criteria, data collection was carried out by reviewing medical records. The results indicate that among the main maternal factors associated with prolonged labor is altered uterine contractility in 54.3% and muscle fatigue in 28.7%; perinatal factors predisposing to prolonged labor, fetal macrosomia in 53.5% and cephalopelvic disproportion in 33.3%; obstetric complications associated with the study situation, uterine atony in 30.2%, maternal anxiety in 20.2% and postpartum hemorrhage in 18.6%. Keywords: Maternal factors, perinatal factors, prolonged labor
Prolonged labor is a dystocia that compromises the health of the mother-child binomial, causing 8% of maternal deaths. The objective of the study was to establish the maternal and perinatal factors predisposing to prolonged labor at the University Hospital of Guayaquil during the period August 2021-January 2022. The research methodology was observational, non-experimental, descriptive cross-sectional with 129 patients who met With the inclusion criteria, data collection was carried out by reviewing medical records. The results indicate that among the main maternal factors associated with prolonged labor is altered uterine contractility in 54.3% and muscle fatigue in 28.7%; perinatal factors predisposing to prolonged labor, fetal macrosomia in 53.5% and cephalopelvic disproportion in 33.3%; obstetric complications associated with the study situation, uterine atony in 30.2%, maternal anxiety in 20.2% and postpartum hemorrhage in 18.6%. Keywords: Maternal factors, perinatal factors, prolonged labor
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CAUSALIDAD, FACTORES MATERNOS, FACTORES PERINATALES, TRABAJO DE PARTO PROLONGADO, REGISTROS MEDICOS, ESTUDIO OBSERVACIONAL, EPIDEMIOLOGIA DESCRIPTIVA, HOSPITAL UNIVERSITARIO DE GUAYAQUIL, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR