Principales complicaciones fetales asociadas al líquido amniótico meconial
Fecha
2022
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Obstetricia
Resumen
La presente investigación se realizó en el sector de la salud en la rama de obstetricia, con el objetivo de establecer las causas del síndrome de aspiración meconial en los recién nacidos atendidos en el servicio de neonatología. Es así como, se estableció la fundamentación teórica para dar el sustento documental y científico acerca del objeto de estudio. La metodología empleada fue observacional no experimental, modalidad cuantitativa, tipo descriptivo, corte transversal, con una base de datos de 150 pacientes de las cuales 150 presentan el síndrome fueron afectados por líquido amniótico meconial. Concluyendo que, del total de las pacientes con líquido meconial, 56,66% tiene un tiempo estimado de 1 -3 días de hospitalización, sin embargo, el 52,00% con una edad gestacional de 28 a 36 semanas. Además, el 33,00% presenta como factor de riesgo materno la ruptura prematura de membranas, el 56,00% corresponde a un grupo etario de 14- 19 años de edad, en su mayoría con el 70,00% es sometido a un proceso de parto normal, en cuanto al 20,66% presentan alteraciones perinatales como sufrimiento fetal donde el 47% posee un Apgar del recién nacido con una puntuación de 5-7 en el primer minuto y cinco minutos de vida. Palabras claves: complicaciones fetales, líquido amniótico meconial, recién nacidos
This research was carried out in the obstetrics branch of the health sector, with the objective of establishing the causes of meconium aspiration syndrome in newborns attended in the neonatology service. Thus, the theoretical foundation was established to provide the documentary and scientific support for the object of study. The methodology used was of experimental and observational design, qualitative-quantitative, descriptive, exploratory, method of analysis and synthesis, with a survey of 150 women present the syndrome were affected by meconium amniotic fluid. We concluded that of all the patients with meconium fluid, 56.66% have an estimated time of 1 - 3 days of hospitalization, however, 52.00% with a gestational age of 28-36 weeks. In addition, 33.00% have premature rupture of membranes as a maternal risk factor, 56.00% correspond to an age group of 14-19 years of age, mostly with 70.00% underwent a normal delivery process, as for 20.66% present perinatal alterations such as fetal distress, where 47% have an apgar of the newborn with a score of 5-7 in the first minute and five minutes of life. Key words: fetal complications, meconium amniotic fluid, newborns.
This research was carried out in the obstetrics branch of the health sector, with the objective of establishing the causes of meconium aspiration syndrome in newborns attended in the neonatology service. Thus, the theoretical foundation was established to provide the documentary and scientific support for the object of study. The methodology used was of experimental and observational design, qualitative-quantitative, descriptive, exploratory, method of analysis and synthesis, with a survey of 150 women present the syndrome were affected by meconium amniotic fluid. We concluded that of all the patients with meconium fluid, 56.66% have an estimated time of 1 - 3 days of hospitalization, however, 52.00% with a gestational age of 28-36 weeks. In addition, 33.00% have premature rupture of membranes as a maternal risk factor, 56.00% correspond to an age group of 14-19 years of age, mostly with 70.00% underwent a normal delivery process, as for 20.66% present perinatal alterations such as fetal distress, where 47% have an apgar of the newborn with a score of 5-7 in the first minute and five minutes of life. Key words: fetal complications, meconium amniotic fluid, newborns.
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Palabras clave
COMPLICACIONES FETALES, LIQUIDO AMNIOTICO, SINDROME DE ASPIRACION DE MECONIO, RECIEN NACIDO, ESTUDIO OBSERVACIONAL, EPIDEMIOLOGIA DESCRIPTIVA, HOSPITAL UNIVERSITARIO DE GUAYAQUIL, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR