Influencia de la respiración bucal en el desarrollo de los maxilares
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2022-09
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
Resumen
La respiración normal es un proceso fisiológico capaz de captar el oxígeno del
medio ambiente, por medio del organismo y devolviéndolo como dióxido de carbono, en
el hábito de la respiración bucal el patrón respiratorio es inadecuado de manera
funcional, orgánica y neurológica, este hábito es adoptado durante la infancia e implica
un desarrollo inadecuado de las fuerzas musculares del sistema estomatognático, en
donde los buccinadores aumentan la presión sobre los maxilares. Es imprescindible que
el odontólogo conozca el correcto plan de tratamiento para el manejo de pacientes con
hábitos de la respiración bucal. Objetivo: Determinar la influencia de la respiración bucal
en el crecimiento anormal de los maxilares. Metodología: Se realizó una investigación
de tipo bibliográfica recolectando información documentada de libros, revistas y artículos
científicos de Scielo, Medline, Repositorios de la Universidad de Guayaquil, LILACS
(Biblioteca Virtual en Salud), pubmed, Semantic Scholar, SpringerLink, entre otros, para
recopilar información de estudios observacionales, transversales y descriptivos que estén relacionados con la respiración bucal y el desarrollo anormal de los maxilares.
Resultados: el hábito de la respiración oral provoca descenso y adelantamiento del
maxilar, Inclinación temprana de los procesos alveolares debido a la resiliencia del
hueso, apertura de diastema entre incisivos centrales, provocando maloclusiones.
Conclusión: la respiración bucal es un hábito que al no ser corregido de manera
oportuna puede traer problemas severos e irreversibles, es por eso la importancia de un
correcto diagnóstico seguido de un adecuado plan de tratamiento.
Breathing is a physiological process capable of capturing oxygen from the environment, through the body and returning it as carbon dioxide. The habit of mouth breathing is an inadequate respiratory pattern in a functional, organic and neurological way, adopted during childhood that implies an inadequate development of the muscular forces of the stomatognathic system, where the buccinator muscles increase the pressure on the maxillae. It is essential that the dentist knows the correct treatment plan for the management of patients with oral breathing habits. Objective: To determine the influence of mouth breathing on the abnormal growth of the jaws. Methodology: A bibliographical research was carried out, collecting documented information from books, magazines and scientific articles from Scielo, Medline, Repositories of the University of Guayaquil, LILACS (Virtual Health Library), pubmed, Semantic Scholar, SpringerLink, among others, to collect information from observational, cross-sectional and descriptive studies that are related to mouth breathing and abnormal jaw development. Results: the habit of oral breathing causes descent and advancement of the maxilla, early inclination of the alveolar processes due to the resilience of the bone, opening of the diastema between central incisors, among others. Conclusions: mouth breathing is a habit that, if not corrected in a timely manner, can cause severe and irreversible problems, which is why the importance of a correct diagnosis followed by an adequate treatment plan.
Breathing is a physiological process capable of capturing oxygen from the environment, through the body and returning it as carbon dioxide. The habit of mouth breathing is an inadequate respiratory pattern in a functional, organic and neurological way, adopted during childhood that implies an inadequate development of the muscular forces of the stomatognathic system, where the buccinator muscles increase the pressure on the maxillae. It is essential that the dentist knows the correct treatment plan for the management of patients with oral breathing habits. Objective: To determine the influence of mouth breathing on the abnormal growth of the jaws. Methodology: A bibliographical research was carried out, collecting documented information from books, magazines and scientific articles from Scielo, Medline, Repositories of the University of Guayaquil, LILACS (Virtual Health Library), pubmed, Semantic Scholar, SpringerLink, among others, to collect information from observational, cross-sectional and descriptive studies that are related to mouth breathing and abnormal jaw development. Results: the habit of oral breathing causes descent and advancement of the maxilla, early inclination of the alveolar processes due to the resilience of the bone, opening of the diastema between central incisors, among others. Conclusions: mouth breathing is a habit that, if not corrected in a timely manner, can cause severe and irreversible problems, which is why the importance of a correct diagnosis followed by an adequate treatment plan.
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MALOCLUSION, RESPIRACION BUCAL, SISTEMA ESTOMATOGNATICO