Antibioticoterapia pre y post operatoria en la Exodoncia de terceros molares retenidos
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2022-09
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
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Los antibióticos son sustancias medicamentosas que atacan a las bacterias que causan infecciones previniendo futuras complicaciones al realizar exodoncias, estas van a ser de reducido o de amplio espectro, así como bactericidas o bacteriostáticas, entre los más utilizados en odontología tenemos: las penicilinas, amoxicilinas y cefalosporinas, eritromicina, azitromicina, claritromicina y clindamicina. Es de suma importancia realizar una profilaxis antibiótica especialmente en pacientes que puedan desarrollar endocarditis bacteriana, o pacientes inmunocomprometidos, teniendo en cuenta que el uso excesivo de antibióticos puede causar una resistencia bacteriana, la Amoxicilina es el medicamento recomendado por la Asociación Americana del Corazón para la profilaxis contra la endocarditis, la clindamicina y los macrólidos también son considerados en caso de presentar alergias a las penicilinas. Entre las complicaciones infecciosas tenemos la endocarditis bacteriana o infecciosa, angina de ludwing, celulitis, osteomielitis. El Objetivo de la investigación es determinar la antibioticoterapia de elección pre y post operatoria en la exodoncia de terceros molares retenidos. La Metodología es bibliográfica, explorativa y deductiva. El diseño de investigación es documental, se basó en la recopilación de información de distintos estudios y autores de fuentes primarias indagando información de los últimos 6 años. Los Resultados de esta investigación bibliográfica fueron obtenidos de artículos científicos, libros virtuales, paginas indexadas. Las Conclusiones de esta investigación bibliográfica, los profesionales en la odontología prefieren recetar amoxicilina y amoxicilina + ácido clavulánico para controlar las infecciones post quirúrgicas. Además, la clindamicina es un fármaco alternativo en pacientes alérgicos a la penicilina.
Antibiotics are medicinal substances that attack the bacteria that cause infections, preventing future complications when performing extractions, these are going to be narrow or broad spectrum, as well as bactericidal or bacteriostatic, among the most used in dentistry: penicillins, amoxicillins and cephalosporins, erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, and clindamycin. It is extremely important to carry out antibiotic prophylaxis, especially in patients who may develop bacterial endocarditis, or immunocompromised patients, taking into account that the excessive use of antibiotics can cause bacterial resistance, Amoxicillin is the drug recommended by the American Heart Association for prophylaxis against endocarditis, clindamycin, and macrolides are also considered for penicillin allergies. Among the infectious complications we have bacterial or infectious endocarditis, Ludwig's angina, cellulitis, osteomyelitis. The objective of the research is to determine the antibiotic therapy of choice before and after surgery in the extraction of retained third molars. The Methodology is bibliographical, exploratory and deductive. The research design is documentary, it was based on the collection of information from different studies and authors of primary and secondary sources investigating information from the last 6 years. The results of this bibliographical research were obtained from scientific articles, virtual books, indexed pages. The Conclusions of this bibliographic research, professionals in dentistry prefer to prescribe amoxicillin and amoxicillin + clavulanic acid to control post-surgical infections. In addition, clindamycin is an alternative drug for patients allergic to penicillin.
Antibiotics are medicinal substances that attack the bacteria that cause infections, preventing future complications when performing extractions, these are going to be narrow or broad spectrum, as well as bactericidal or bacteriostatic, among the most used in dentistry: penicillins, amoxicillins and cephalosporins, erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, and clindamycin. It is extremely important to carry out antibiotic prophylaxis, especially in patients who may develop bacterial endocarditis, or immunocompromised patients, taking into account that the excessive use of antibiotics can cause bacterial resistance, Amoxicillin is the drug recommended by the American Heart Association for prophylaxis against endocarditis, clindamycin, and macrolides are also considered for penicillin allergies. Among the infectious complications we have bacterial or infectious endocarditis, Ludwig's angina, cellulitis, osteomyelitis. The objective of the research is to determine the antibiotic therapy of choice before and after surgery in the extraction of retained third molars. The Methodology is bibliographical, exploratory and deductive. The research design is documentary, it was based on the collection of information from different studies and authors of primary and secondary sources investigating information from the last 6 years. The results of this bibliographical research were obtained from scientific articles, virtual books, indexed pages. The Conclusions of this bibliographic research, professionals in dentistry prefer to prescribe amoxicillin and amoxicillin + clavulanic acid to control post-surgical infections. In addition, clindamycin is an alternative drug for patients allergic to penicillin.
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INFECCION ODONTOGENICA, TERCER MOLAR - CIRUGIA, DIENTE IMPACTADO, FARMACOTERAPIA