Estudio de modelos circulares como alternativa de desarrollo sostenible para la producción de plástico.
Fecha
2022-10-03
Autores
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial.
Resumen
Esta indagación acerca de los modelos circulares basados en la Economía Circular tiene como propósito contribuir a la producción de la industria del plástico de un solo uso con fines de aplicar un modelo ecoamigable que este en armonía de los objetivos del desarrollo sostenible (ODS) y de la Agenda 2030. La metodología del estudio tiene un enfoque cualitativo cuantitativo basado en la ingeniería del diseño industrial en el cual se aplicó un modelo descriptivo lineal. Para obtener información de los posibles modelos en la industria de plástico, se obtuvo 8 empresas participantes que accedieron a una entrevista. Se aplicó estadígrafos alfa de Crobanch, V.Aiken y KR-20 para validar su confiabilidad interna cuyo promedio fue de 0.81, puntuación fuerte y confiable. En cuanto a la información bibliográfica se analizó documentos relevantes según la citación con la herramienta VOSviewer, en donde los clústeres evidencian una relación existente entre “los modelos circulares y el sector productivo del plástico”. Los análisis cualitativos de nuestro estudio se realizaron con la técnica CHAID que nos permitió comprender la percepción de los jefes de producción de 8 empresas, de los cuales el 50% de considera importante aplicar una economía circular en el sistema productivo y que tal aplicación recae sólo en el modelo de las 3R. Los resultados basado en los análisis estadísticos descritos nos permitió componer un esquema basado en el Ecodiseño relacionado con los ODS y Agenda 2030, que recayeron en los objetivos 7, 9 y 12 nuestra propuesta se basa en tratamientos de los plásticos, técnicas de modelos circulares, evaluaciones eco amigables, el reciclaje y la renovación que van en armonía con la Industria 4.0.
The purpose of this inquiry about circular models based on the Circular Economy aims to contribute to the production of the single-use plastic industry in order to apply an eco-friendly model that is in harmony with the Sustainable development goals (SDG) and the 2030 Agenda. The methodology of the study has a quantitative qualitative approach based on industrial design engineering in which a linear descriptive model was applied. To obtain information on possible models in the plastics industry, 8 participating companies were obtained and agreed to an interview. Crobanch, V Aiken and KR-20 alpha statisticians were applied to validate its internal reliability, whose average was a 0.81, a strong and reliable score. Regarding the bibliographic information, relevant documents were analyzed according to the citation with the VOSviewer tool, where the clusters show an existing relationship between "circular models and the plastic production sector". The qualitative analyzes of our study were carried out with the CHAID technique that allowed us to understand the perception of the production managers of 8 companies, of which 50% consider it important to apply a circular economy in the productive system and that such application falls only in the 3R model. The results based on the statistical analyzes described allowed us to compose a scheme based on Ecodesign related to the SDGs and Agenda 2030, which fell on goals 7, 9 and 12, our proposal is based on plastic treatments, circular model techniques, eco-friendly evaluations, recycling and renovation that go in harmony with Industry 4.0.
The purpose of this inquiry about circular models based on the Circular Economy aims to contribute to the production of the single-use plastic industry in order to apply an eco-friendly model that is in harmony with the Sustainable development goals (SDG) and the 2030 Agenda. The methodology of the study has a quantitative qualitative approach based on industrial design engineering in which a linear descriptive model was applied. To obtain information on possible models in the plastics industry, 8 participating companies were obtained and agreed to an interview. Crobanch, V Aiken and KR-20 alpha statisticians were applied to validate its internal reliability, whose average was a 0.81, a strong and reliable score. Regarding the bibliographic information, relevant documents were analyzed according to the citation with the VOSviewer tool, where the clusters show an existing relationship between "circular models and the plastic production sector". The qualitative analyzes of our study were carried out with the CHAID technique that allowed us to understand the perception of the production managers of 8 companies, of which 50% consider it important to apply a circular economy in the productive system and that such application falls only in the 3R model. The results based on the statistical analyzes described allowed us to compose a scheme based on Ecodesign related to the SDGs and Agenda 2030, which fell on goals 7, 9 and 12, our proposal is based on plastic treatments, circular model techniques, eco-friendly evaluations, recycling and renovation that go in harmony with Industry 4.0.
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Palabras clave
PROYECTOS NUEVOS, ECONOMÍA CIRCULAR, PRODUCCIÓN DE PLÁSTICO, MODELOS ECONÓMICOS