Impacto de pielonefritis materna sobre el resultado obstetrico perinatal. Hospital Alfredo G. Paulson 2018 - 2019
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2022
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
La pielonefritis aguda es una infección en el área de los riñones, se trata
de una patología grave que se presenta frecuentemente durante el embarazo,
las causas principales son los cambios fisiológicos que se producen durante el
estado de gestación debido a esto se vuelven más vulnerables a dichas
infecciones. Por tales motivos, la presente investigación tuvo como objetivo
principal determinar el Impacto de la Pielonefritis Aguda sobre el resultado
Materno Neonatal en pacientes atendidas en el servicio de Gineco-Obstetricia
del Hospital Alfredo G Paulson durante el período enero 2018 - diciembre 2019.
Para lograrlo se utilizó una metodología descriptiva y correlacional, además de
tener un enfoque cuantitativo; el principal instrumento de recolección de datos
fue un cuestionario semiestructurado que se aplicó a una muestra de 104
pacientes gestantes. Entre los resultados principales se tiene que las
características clínicas más frecuentes estuvieron la fiebre y dolor lumbar;
mientras que las características obstétricas fueron que la edad gestacional más
común estuvo en el segundo trimestre, los antecedentes evidenciaron que las
participantes tuvieron en su mayoría una gesta, un parto y no han tenido abortos
ni cesáreas; las comorbilidades más representativas fueron la anemia y la
hipertensión arterial. Por su parte, las complicaciones durante el embarazo más
frecuentes fueron la preeclampsia y eclampsia, mientras que, durante el parto se
encontraron la rotura prematura de membrana y el desprendimiento prematuro
de placenta; así también, en cuanto a las complicaciones en los neonatos se
evidenció un bajo peso y la prematuridad. Se concluye que al realizar un análisis
bivariado se demostró que la presencia de pielonefritis aguda durante el
embarazo es una causa de riesgo que influye en la presencia de complicaciones
maternas y neonatales.
Acute pyelonephritis is an infection in the area of the kidneys, it is a serious pathology that frequently occurs during pregnancy, the main causes are the physiological changes that occur during pregnancy due to this they become more vulnerable to these infections. For these reasons, the main objective of this research was to determine the Impact of Acute Pyelonephritis on the Maternal Neonatal outcome in patients treated at the Obstetrics and Gynecology service of the Alfredo G Paulson Hospital during the period January 2018 - December 2019. To achieve this, used a descriptive and correlational methodology, in addition to having a quantitative approach; The main data collection instrument was a semi-structured questionnaire that was applied to a sample of 104 pregnant patients. Among the main results, the most frequent clinical characteristics were fever and lumbar pain; while the obstetric characteristics were that the most common gestational age was in the second trimester, the antecedents showed that the majority of the participants had a gestation, a delivery and have not had abortions or caesarean sections; the most representative comorbidities were anemia and arterial hypertension. On the other hand, the most frequent complications during pregnancy were preeclampsia and eclampsia, while premature rupture of the membrane and premature abruption of the placenta were found during childbirth; likewise, in terms of complications in neonates, low weight and prematurity were evidenced. It is concluded that a bivariate analysis showed that the presence of acute pyelonephritis during pregnancy is a cause of risk that influences the presence of maternal and neonatal complications.
Acute pyelonephritis is an infection in the area of the kidneys, it is a serious pathology that frequently occurs during pregnancy, the main causes are the physiological changes that occur during pregnancy due to this they become more vulnerable to these infections. For these reasons, the main objective of this research was to determine the Impact of Acute Pyelonephritis on the Maternal Neonatal outcome in patients treated at the Obstetrics and Gynecology service of the Alfredo G Paulson Hospital during the period January 2018 - December 2019. To achieve this, used a descriptive and correlational methodology, in addition to having a quantitative approach; The main data collection instrument was a semi-structured questionnaire that was applied to a sample of 104 pregnant patients. Among the main results, the most frequent clinical characteristics were fever and lumbar pain; while the obstetric characteristics were that the most common gestational age was in the second trimester, the antecedents showed that the majority of the participants had a gestation, a delivery and have not had abortions or caesarean sections; the most representative comorbidities were anemia and arterial hypertension. On the other hand, the most frequent complications during pregnancy were preeclampsia and eclampsia, while premature rupture of the membrane and premature abruption of the placenta were found during childbirth; likewise, in terms of complications in neonates, low weight and prematurity were evidenced. It is concluded that a bivariate analysis showed that the presence of acute pyelonephritis during pregnancy is a cause of risk that influences the presence of maternal and neonatal complications.
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Pielonefritis, Mujeres embarazdas, Recien Nacido Prematuro, Factores de riesgo, Hospital de la Mujer Alfredo G. Paulson, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador