Calidad microbiológica de aguas purificadas y comercializadas en el Cantón Milagro, Guayas-2022.
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2022
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
Resumen
El presente trabajo de investigación se basó en el análisis microbiológico de aguas purificadas distribuidas en el Cantón Milagro, Provincia del Guayas, en donde se evaluaron los parámetros de Aerobios Totales, Escherichia coli, y Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Para ello se analizaron por duplicado diez muestras (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, y J) de agua purificada, que representan el 30% de las distribuidas en la provincia. Cada muestra de cada marca fue tomada durante el día lunes de la tercera semana de mayo, de manera aleatoria, en las zonas norte, sur, este y oeste del cantón. Las muestras fueron adquiridas en establecimientos comerciales pertenecientes al lugar de estudio y sometidas a condiciones de almacenamiento, a una temperatura de 4°C previo a los análisis. En los resultados obtenidos se cuantificó la presencia de aerobios totales en las muestras de las marcas C (S) y D (S) por encima del valor límite establecido por la Norma INEN
2200:2017, pues estos valores son 1,9x102 y 1,15x102 respectivamente, mientras que en la marca F (E) presenta un valor entre el límite de aceptación que, sin embargo, es admisible. Por otro lado, se determinó la ausencia de E. coli en todas las muestras de aguas; posteriormente, en los análisis para determinar Pseudomonas aeruginosa, se evidenció la ausencia de esta bacteria en todas las muestras, a excepción de la muestra D (S), donde existe presencia de esta bacteria patógena oportunista. Se concluye que el 20% de las marcas analizadas no cumplen al menos con un parámetro establecido por la norma, por lo que se consideran no aptas para el consumo humano.
The present investigation was based on the microbiological analysis of purified water distributed in the Canton of Milagro, Guayas Province, where the parameters of Total Aerobes, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were evaluated. Ten samples (A, B, C, D, E, F, F, G, H, I, and J) of purified water, representing 30% of those distributed in the province, were analyzed in duplicate. Each sample of each brand was taken randomly on Monday of the third week of May in the north, south, east and west zones of the canton. The samples were acquired in commercial establishments belonging to the study site and subjected to storage conditions at a temperature of 4°C prior to analysis. In the results obtained, the presence of total aerobes was quantified in the samples of brands C (S) and D (S) above the limit value established by INEN Standard 2200:2017, as these values are 1.9x102 and 1.15x102 respectively, while in brand F (E) presents a value between the acceptance limit which, however, is admissible. On the other hand, the absence of E. coli was determined in all the water samples; subsequently, in the analyses to determine Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the absence of this bacterium was evidenced in all the samples, with the exception of sample D (S), where there is presence of this opportunistic pathogenic bacterium. It is concluded that 20% of the brands analyzed do not comply with at least one parameter established by the standard and are therefore considered unfit for human consumption.
The present investigation was based on the microbiological analysis of purified water distributed in the Canton of Milagro, Guayas Province, where the parameters of Total Aerobes, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were evaluated. Ten samples (A, B, C, D, E, F, F, G, H, I, and J) of purified water, representing 30% of those distributed in the province, were analyzed in duplicate. Each sample of each brand was taken randomly on Monday of the third week of May in the north, south, east and west zones of the canton. The samples were acquired in commercial establishments belonging to the study site and subjected to storage conditions at a temperature of 4°C prior to analysis. In the results obtained, the presence of total aerobes was quantified in the samples of brands C (S) and D (S) above the limit value established by INEN Standard 2200:2017, as these values are 1.9x102 and 1.15x102 respectively, while in brand F (E) presents a value between the acceptance limit which, however, is admissible. On the other hand, the absence of E. coli was determined in all the water samples; subsequently, in the analyses to determine Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the absence of this bacterium was evidenced in all the samples, with the exception of sample D (S), where there is presence of this opportunistic pathogenic bacterium. It is concluded that 20% of the brands analyzed do not comply with at least one parameter established by the standard and are therefore considered unfit for human consumption.
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BUENAS PRÁCTICAS DE MANUFACTURA, CONTAMINACIÓN FECAL, ENFERMEDADES GASTROINTESTINALES, MICROBIOLOGÍA DEL AGUA, AGUA PURIFICADA