Comorbilidades asociadas a psoriasis en pacientes de consulta externa del Hospital Básico Durán
Fecha
2022
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
La psoriasis es una enfermedad cutánea con un relevante impacto en la condición de vida de los pacientes que la llegan a padecer, enfermedad que es condicionada por diversos genes y factores.
Actualmente la etiología de la psoriasis aún no se conoce con exactitud, pero existen estudios en donde se puede considerar que la misma se encuentra estrechamente relacionada con el sistema inmunitario; además de diferentes factores ambientales; asociándose también con otras enfermedades extra cutáneas, tanto cardiovasculares, digestivas, metabólicas e inclusive relacionada con la parte psicológica y psíquica
El presente estudio tiene como eje el objetivo principal y los objetivos secundarios que sustentaran en desarrollo del presente estudio; determinando así cuáles son las comorbilidades asociadas a psoriasis en pacientes de consulta externa con diagnóstico de psoriasis, el género de mayor relevancia en que se suscita esta patología, la edad de mayor frecuencia en la que la misma se presenta; adicionalmente dando a conocer los tipos de tratamientos para cada situación del paciente.
Por lo tanto, la presente investigación tuvo lugar en el Hospital IESS de la ciudad de Durán; el estudio se elaboró mediante un análisis de corte transversal con enfoque retrospectivo, con la finalidad de conocer la historia clínica y evoluciones de todos los pacientes diagnosticados con Psoriasis, con el propósito de identificar comorbilidades presentes mediante la muestra, culminando con un análisis de carácter correlacional que determine el impacto de dela presencia de estos con el estado de la patología.
De tal manera, el estudio se elaboró con una muestra fue de un total de 264 pacientes con diagnóstico de psoriasis, de los cuales 230 presentan una o más patologías asociadas a psoriasis, y 34 pacientes no refirieron ninguna patología. Mediante la realización de una base de datos, en la cual recopilamos información de interés necesaria para la realización del proyecto como la edad, sexo, anamnesis completa, entre otros obteniendo como resultados los siguientes: La Hipertensión arterial representó la comorbilidad que se observó con mayor frecuencia. Siguiendo con el estudio mencionado, indica que en segundo lugar
está la diabetes mellitus tipo II con una prevalencia del 23%, en tercer lugar, están la obesidad con un 11%, respectivamente. Y finalmente en cuarto lugar se encuentran los pacientes que presentaron otras patologías que representan el 16%.
Los resultados que se obtuvieron fueron del periodo de enero del año 2018 hasta diciembre del 2020. Estos resultados ayudaron a impulsar el conocimiento sobre dicha patología como lo es la psoriasis; las comorbilidades asociadas a la misma e identificar cuáles son las más frecuentes y pudiendo dar a conocer un diagnóstico y así mismo sugiriendo diferentes tratamientos; concluyendo que estas si pueden ser tratables.
Palabras claves: Psoriasis, Comorbilidades, Hipertensión arterial, Diabetes mellitus, obesidad
Psoriasis is a skin disease with a significant impact on the living conditions of patients who suffer from it, a disease that is conditioned by various genes and factors. Currently the etiology of psoriasis is not yet known exactly, but there are studies where it can be considered that it is closely related to the immune system; in addition to different environmental factors; also associated with other extracutaneous diseases, both cardiovascular, digestive, metabolic and even related to the psychological and psychic part. The present study has as its axis the main objective and the secondary objectives that will support the development of this study; determining which are the comorbidities associated with psoriasis in outpatients diagnosed with psoriasis, the most relevant gender in which this pathology arises, the age of greatest frequency in which it occurs; additionally making known the types of treatments for each patient's situation. Therefore, the present investigation took place at the IESS Hospital in the city of Durán; The study was carried out through a cross-sectional analysis with a retrospective approach, in order to know the clinical history and evolution of all patients diagnosed with Psoriasis, with the purpose of identifying comorbidities present through the sample, culminating in a correlational analysis. to determine the impact of the presence of these with the state of the pathology. In this way, the study was carried out with a sample of a total of 264 patients diagnosed with psoriasis, of which 230 had one or more pathologies associated with psoriasis, and 34 patients did not report any pathology. Through the realization of a database, in which we collect information of interest necessary to carry out the project such as age, sex, complete anamnesis, among others, obtaining the following results: Arterial hypertension represented the comorbidity that was observed with greater frequency. Continuing with the aforementioned study, it indicates that type II diabetes mellitus is in second place with a prevalence of 23%, and obesity is in third place with 11%, respectively. And finally in fourth place are the patients who presented other pathologies that represent 16%. The results that were obtained were from the period of January 2018 to December 2020. These results helped to promote knowledge about said pathology such as psoriasis; comorbidities associated with it and identifying which are the most frequent and being able to make a diagnosis known and likewise suggesting different treatments; concluding that these can be treatable. Key words: Psoriasis, Comorbidities, Arterial hypertension, Diabetes mellitus, Obesity
Psoriasis is a skin disease with a significant impact on the living conditions of patients who suffer from it, a disease that is conditioned by various genes and factors. Currently the etiology of psoriasis is not yet known exactly, but there are studies where it can be considered that it is closely related to the immune system; in addition to different environmental factors; also associated with other extracutaneous diseases, both cardiovascular, digestive, metabolic and even related to the psychological and psychic part. The present study has as its axis the main objective and the secondary objectives that will support the development of this study; determining which are the comorbidities associated with psoriasis in outpatients diagnosed with psoriasis, the most relevant gender in which this pathology arises, the age of greatest frequency in which it occurs; additionally making known the types of treatments for each patient's situation. Therefore, the present investigation took place at the IESS Hospital in the city of Durán; The study was carried out through a cross-sectional analysis with a retrospective approach, in order to know the clinical history and evolution of all patients diagnosed with Psoriasis, with the purpose of identifying comorbidities present through the sample, culminating in a correlational analysis. to determine the impact of the presence of these with the state of the pathology. In this way, the study was carried out with a sample of a total of 264 patients diagnosed with psoriasis, of which 230 had one or more pathologies associated with psoriasis, and 34 patients did not report any pathology. Through the realization of a database, in which we collect information of interest necessary to carry out the project such as age, sex, complete anamnesis, among others, obtaining the following results: Arterial hypertension represented the comorbidity that was observed with greater frequency. Continuing with the aforementioned study, it indicates that type II diabetes mellitus is in second place with a prevalence of 23%, and obesity is in third place with 11%, respectively. And finally in fourth place are the patients who presented other pathologies that represent 16%. The results that were obtained were from the period of January 2018 to December 2020. These results helped to promote knowledge about said pathology such as psoriasis; comorbidities associated with it and identifying which are the most frequent and being able to make a diagnosis known and likewise suggesting different treatments; concluding that these can be treatable. Key words: Psoriasis, Comorbidities, Arterial hypertension, Diabetes mellitus, Obesity
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Psoriasis, Comorbilidad, Epidemiología descriptiva, Hospital Básico IESS Durán, Cantón Durán, Ecuador